Power Generation and Storage Reference Materials

Description: Trade show format white paper on: North American emissions regulations, proposed changes from the EPA, the California ARB new source performance standards, and a delay in adoption of tier 4 emission ...

Description: The electric vehicle (EV) revolution continues unabated. In 2008, there were fewer than 500 EV charging stations in the United States; as of last year, there are over 47,000. As recently as 10 years ...

Description: The purpose of this paper is to explain perceived differences in fuel consumption between AC and DC generator sets used in telecommunication (telecom) applications. A review of the overall energy ...

Description: Driven by tight budgets and competing needs for limited CAPEX funds, wastewater treatment plants are increasingly looking to reduce their operating expenses. Many are now referring to themselves as ...

Description: This paper will take a closer look at how the evolution of longer-life nuclear power plants (NPPs) impact emergency diesel generators (EDGs) used for station blackout (SBO) support. Extending the life ...

Description: Digester methane is taking its place as a mainstream renewable fuel. Today's fuel treatment and engine-generator technologies help make biogas a highly attractive and earth-friendly energy source for ...

Description: The energy needs of the data center (DC) industry continue to grow at a brisk pace. In the past, preferred DC locations were near inexpensive, reliable power sources. Today, such locations are more ...

Description: As I'm sure that all of you engineers out there know, your engineering prowess is very likely to earn you the job of tech support for your family. In that role, I was recently called upon to come to ...

Description: The concern for the anthropogenic release of methane (CH4) into the environment and methane's potential for global warming - 21 times higher than that of carbon dioxide - continues to draw ...

Description: Mouse synchronization problems and related issues can be attributed to a variety causes (server resolutions set too low, individual server mouse settings, etc.) - most of which are easily fixed. You ...

Description: Step by step instructions on how to replace the battery in a 1U UPS System Important Information Batteries can present a risk of electrical shock and burn from high short-circuit currents. Do not ...

Description: Operation during and after a seismic event is the typical requirement for emergency equipment installed in a nuclear facility. Data from shake table testing of a large emergency generator set while ...

Description: Design Engineers are continuing to innovate in the consumer electronics and medical device markets; developing smaller, yet more powerful devices. A primary challenge the designers face is how to ...

Description: Your gas engine-generator sets' most valuable commodity is time - specifically uptime producing power and revenue. It follows that the goal of engine maintenance is to enable as much uptime as ...

Description: Generators operating with a leading power factor may experience unstable voltage regulation and increased heating. The following paragraphs define power factor and describe various generator ...

Description: In facilities with a high demand for power, such as a hospital or data center, communication among generator sets is crucial for maintaining power levels. In these types of applications, generator ...

Description: In order for generator sets to function as intended in hot climates, users must assess the ambient capability of the model prior to acquisition. The ambient capability, or ambient clearance of a ...

Description: During an upgrade project to install combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) technology, the process engineers at an electric power plant in Western Europe also wanted to maximize the efficiency of their ...

Description: Efficient, rechargeable and economical battery systems are needed in a wide variety of industries. Uses can range from generator sets to transceiver base stations, from onboard chargers for electric ...

Description: Since 2014, NFPA 70, Section 240.87 (Arc Energy Reduction), has required a method to reduce clearing time of arc flash energy. This applies when the highest continuous-current trip setting for which ...

Description: Vecoplan has designed individual fuel charging and processing systems at five sites for the Danish manufacturer and BMCHP operator. ...

Description: Digital technologies are providing new opportunities to enhance processes and productivity. This case study highlights the smart devices used in a range of power plant applications and a number of ...

Description: Coal provides 25 percent of global primary energy needs and generates 40 percent of the world's electricity, according to the World Coal Institute. The People's Republic of China produces the largest ...

Description: The latest regulation, Tier 4 Final, effectively requires an aftertreatment system to reduce emissions to compliance levels for all engines. Rental applications are commonly used in low load ...

Description: Regulated DC voltage is required for semiconductor devices such as ICs and Transistors to function. Regulated voltage can be generated from commercial AC lines with an AC to DC power supply or from DC ...

Description: Impenetrable Design in Electronics is Unsustainable - But What Can be Done? Some small electronics are made impenetrable by design because of the dangers of the batteries used to power them. Learn how ...

Description: When specing a generator set with an enclosure for use in a hot climate, outside air temperature defines the ambient capability. Site conditions, including altitude and relative humidity, will cause ...

Description: Consumer products such as phones, cameras, computers and watches mainly operate on consumer-grade alkaline, primary lithium, and lithium-ion (Li-ion) rechargeable batteries. While inexpensive and ...

Description: Electricity for a city of 200,000: that's what the electrical system of the Queen Mary II luxury liner essentially provides, including of course an on-board wastewater treatment facility. A new ...

Description: Cat® generator sets assembled at the Caterpillar facility in Piracicaba, Brazil, known as Power Systems Brazil (PSB), use alternators that feature an auxiliary coil (or auxiliary winding) and ...

Description: According to a study by Research and Markets, the hearables market, a wearables sub-segment that includes hearing aids, personal sound amplifiers (PSAPs) and earbuds/headphones, had an estimated value ...

Description: Memory Protection Devices, Inc. (MPD) New for 2017, a designer's guide for battery compartments. Design considerations for holders, battery hardware, contacts, materials & platings. Reviews of ERC ...

Description: We often imagine that inventions are born whole: a eureka moment that changes history. But that's rarely how it happens. One technology that exemplifies the long, hard slog of creation is the ...

Description: According to the Environmental Protection Agency, Americans buy approximately three billion dry-cell batteries each year to power common household devices, including radios, toys, phones and ...

Description: Because of lithium's enormous capacity as an energy source, it has been the focus of much of the rechargeable battery industry's time and attention. This effort has led to the development of the ...

Description: There are many application areas where the design engineer would like to have, or truly must have, a system that needs no servicing at all for many, many months, or many, many years. Remote sensors of ...

Description: NASA's long-term, manned space missions are challenged by waste-treatment and power requirements and need an extreme biological system to turn solid waste into a power source. What used to be ...

Description: Supercapacitors voltage characteristics are of primary concern in this application. Supercapacitors have a capacitive and resistive component that directly affect the voltage charge/discharge rate of ...

Description: A Fortune 500 company with an aging data center was experiencing challenges to the reliability of power in its facility. There was an obvious need for reliable emergency power... ...

Description: "Survey identifies high-level findings impacting the electrical and power industries. The most important factors regarding selection of electrical or power systems are product quality, service ...

Description: Microgrid that combine renewable energy with diesel or gas generator sets and energy storage capabilities can deliver clean, cost-effective electricity to remote locations with limited or no access to ...

Description: If you think of energy harvesting only as a means of using the sun, vibration or temperature variation to generate the few milliwatts needed to power a wireless sensor node or a wearable electronic ...

Description: Geothermal heat is heat that has escaped from the core of the Earth. Not only is the heat clean, but it is renewable, making geothermal heat a great alternative to non-renewable energy sources. To get ...

Description: Tadiran bobbin-type lithium thionyl chloride (LiSOCl2) batteries feature a very low self-discharge rate of just 0.7 percent per year, enabling these cells to operate for up to 40 years in extreme ...

Description: While we at SEC America have offered many power converter requirements through the careful selection of off-the shelf unit specifications, we will build to custom mechanical and electrical ...

Description: While we at SEC America have offered many power converter requirements through the careful selection of off-the shelf unit specifications, we will build to custom mechanical and electrical ...

Description: WARNING: Potentially lethal voltages exist within an inverter/charger as long as the battery supply and/or AC input are connected. Please consult the manuals that came with your inverter/charger and ...

Description: Photovoltaics (PV) have been successfully powering tens of thousands of critical stand-alone railroad power installations since the early 1970s-across the roughest terrains and in the harshest ...

Description: The Oil & Gas Industries have been major customers of the Off-Grid Solar Electric Industry for many years. At a recent training event-Choosing the Right Charge Controller for Off-Grid Solar Electric ...

Description: Portable blood and IV fluid warmers are used by EMS crews, hospitals and the military to help prevent hypothermia due to fluid transfers under adverse field conditions. A lightweight battery pack to ...

Description: The conversion of motion to electricity from reciprocating power sources is typically associated with the integration of multiple systems. For each system, risks of failure increase and losses in ...

Description: Why is an activation procedure or break-in necessary for a membrane electrode assembly (MEA)? ...

Description: This white paper reviews several significant recent trends in the battery industry. While the Lithium-ion (Li-ion) market is quickly overtaking other rechargeable battery technologies, in popularity, ...

Description: Lithium chemistry batteries are replacing Sealed Lead Acid (SLA) and Nickel Metal-hydride (NiMH) types in many fixed and portable applications due to their higher energy storage density relative to ...

Description: Three cell chemistries currently dominate the growing portable application market: Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH), Lithium Ion (Li-ion), and Lithium Polymer (Li-polymer). While all of these chemistries ...

Description: The continuing growth of portable handheld devices has spawned a healthy selection of aftermarket battery pack suppliers. The ownership period of an individual portable device often exceeds the cycle ...

Description: Power management electronics perform more than just basic safety functionality; they can maximize the performance of a design from several perspectives. This white paper will cover typical battery ...

Description: Three cell chemistries currently dominate the growing portable application market: Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH), Lithium Ion (Li-ion), and Lithium Polymer (Li-polymer). While all of these chemistries ...

Description: Carbon Paper Gas Diffusion Layers (GDL) (e.g. Sigracet, Freudenberg, Toray, etc) tend to be thinner and more brittle than Carbon Cloth Gas Diffusion Layers (e.g. ELATâ ¢, GDL-CT). Â Each type has a ...

Description: The Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) plays several critical roles in a typical fuel cell application and is often integrated as part of the Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA). Typical applications that use ...

Description: We occasionally get questions from people wanting to know if they can use a Metal Hydride (MH) to purify the Hydrogen from an HHO generator, so I thought I would post our response here: ...

Description: Nafion membranes come in many different thickness and types. How do you know which to choose when designing an electrolyzer (hydrogen generator)? ...

Description: There are a number of different Hydrogen storage options available. The one which is best for you depends on what is most important for your application: ...

Description: Generally, quartz crystals are designed to be quite insensitive against environmental conditions, nevertheless care should be taken during transportation, storing and production to avoid ...

Description: If you are looking in to building an HHO generator yourself, we do recommend taking a look at our Electrolyzer Membrane Electrode Assemblies (EZ MEAs)... ...

Description: After the original manufacturer of ELAT Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) stopped producing the material, many of the fuel cell industry had to scramble for replacements and were continuing their projects ...

Description: When it comes to larger fuel cell applications such as hospitals, apartment buildings and small communities there are only so many fuel cell companies with products ready for the market. These types ...

Description: So, you have bought a Fuel Cell and are ready to start using it. Or are you? Did you plan on any of the ancillary components you might need? Depending on who you buy the fuel cell from and what model ...

Description: hanks to our handy FC Design Sheet, you can take an IV curve of any MEA, choose an active area, operating point (current density) and desired power output and we will tell you how many MEAs you will ...

Description: There are a lot of design considerations that go into an electrolyzer that will dictate what pressure they can operate at, their efficiency, safety, etc. Today I will let you worry about all the ...

Description: The root of all of this is that Nafion membranes must stay hydrated to function properly. If they are not fully humidified the conductivity decreases and therefore more of the electricity is converted ...

Description: This Technical Note gives reasons why powering a battery monitor off the battery power may be detrimental to the health of a battery. ...

Description: This Technical Note (TN) explains how to setup BMDM to run as a Service. The primary benefit of running as a Service, is to insure that should the Central PC be restarted due to loss of power or if ...

Description: This Technical Note describes the process of plate formation of a lead-acid battery and shows a case history of its affect on a battery's internal resistance as formation takes place ...

Description: This Technical Note (TN) explains how to determine and assign inter-tiers in a BDS-256XL system. ...

Description: This Technical Note (TN) describes the value to monitoring Intertiers and Intercells in a Battery String. ...

Description: Though there are many ways to securely attach a battery holder to a device, there are three main ways which MPD would recommend: soldering, bonding, and fastening. All of these can be reliable methods ...

Description: A leading manufacturer of toll tags recently approached MPD looking for a new battery holder to replace soldered-in batteries. The customer had two main problems with their current battery solution. ...

Description: The below chart lists types of medical devices and the number of FDA recalls they have had, as well as their risk of lawsuit. FDA recalls of medical devices result in tremendous costs as well as ...

Description: Protection circuits are an extremely important safety feature of any well designed circuit using a primary (non-rechargeable) cell in conjunction with another power source. The UL standard calls for ...

Description: While breakthrough technologies continue to grab headlines, components like the coin cell holders often get overlooked, despite their critical role in a device's operation. Holders can fail due to ...

Description: Growing concerns over issues such as climate change, carbon emissions, ozone-layer depletion, peak oil, and industrial pollution have raised alarms among consumers, business owners and policymakers ...

Description: For testing new battery holder designs, MPD has made minimum and maximum sized battery replicas based on ANSI specifications. The sizes of different brands of batteries vary within the tolerances set ...

Description: Coin cell battery holders are commonly made with gold-, nickel-, or tin-plated contacts. Since the lead-free movement and RoHS, tin-plated contacts are gaining popularity due to their ease of ...

Description: When designing an enterprise data center, owners, architects and engineers have to understand and decide on everything from site to signage. Some of the most critical decisions revolve around the best ...

Description: Diesel air-cooled used generators have been used for many years and have a long track record of being reliable, easily adaptable and relatively inexpensive. The output these workhorses produce in ...

Description: Generators supply auxiliary electric power during outages of power supply from the local electricity distribution company. This is done by using input mechanical energy to initiate combustion of fuel ...

Description: Generators are useful appliances that supply electrical power during a power outage and prevent discontinuity of daily activities or disruption of business operations. Generators are available in ...

Description: Over the years, numerous aspects of the diesel engine have been subjected to modifications and treatments in attempts to make the engine more efficient. All engines produce power by igniting a mixture ...

Description: Part and parcel of the use of advanced manufacture are the rapid growth of battery holder types to include Retainers, Contacts, Clips, Snap-ons and Snap-ins for Coin Cell and Button-cell types as well ...

Description: Since Hurricane Katrina in 2005, wireless service providers have invested billions of dollars in power and battery backup systems, making many cell sites the rival of wireline facilities in terms of ...

Description: The December 2010 issue of WaterWorld has an article about the on-site power system that supports the cities of Ajax and Pickering, Ontario, part of Greater Toronto. The Ajax plant requires ...

Description: Aitutaki is one of the 15 islands of the Cook Islands archipelago in the South Pacific, and with its swaying palm trees and white coral sands surrounded by indigo waters, is a postcard of tranquility. ...

Description: In the U.S., diesel engine emissions have been regulated for almost forty years. For most of that time, the regulations governed primarily on-highway engines in trucks and buses, but in 1998 nonroad ...

Description: There has recently been a lot of talk in the media and debate by government officials about the "Smart Grid". The 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) allocates billions of dollars in ...

Description: Standby generator sets have been traditionally diesel engine driven and in limited cases stoichiometric (rich burn) natural gas or propane. These are popular choices because they provide a high level ...

Description: With the increasing cost of energy and awareness of environmental considerations, power saving is becoming more and more critical. Power saving has always been critical for mobile devices, but now ...

Description: This application note will describe the various fuel cell technologies and highlight the role that Thermo analyzers can play in their development. ...

Description: In its most basic definition, thermal runaway is the internal generation of heat at a higher rate than a battery can dissipate. This heat can result in temperatures so high that the battery will be ...

Description: Internal battery ohmic measurements are a hot topic among battery users. Measuring the internal parameters of a cell is very useful in determining a battery's state of health. But what is the ...