Six Sigma Deployment

Appendix E: Glossary

Numbers

5 "Why"s
Keep asking why at each successive level of detail.

A

Abscissa
The horizontal axis or line of a graph.
Accuracy
Closeness of agreement between an observed value and an accepted standard or reference value.
Activity
A process, step, function, or task that occurs over time. Combinations of activities form business processes.
Activity analysis
Analysis and measurement in terms of value, time, cost, and throughput of the steps that make up a process.
Activity-based costing (ABC)
Accounting technique that allows an organization to better determine the actual costs associated with each product and service produced by that organization without regard to the organizational structure.
Activity model (AS-IS)
A model that portrays how any process is currently arranged. It forms the baseline for future improvement.
Activity model (TO-BE)
A model developed as part of a business process redesign action or program. The TO-BE model shows how things are visualized after the improvements.
Activity, non-value-added
Anything that the customer would not pay for, or that is not required by law.
Activity, value-added
Something that the customer would pay for, or that is required by law.
Adequacy
Used in QS-9000. Indicates that the intent of the standard has been met, given the scope of the supplier's operation.
Affinity diagram
A tool used to organize ideas, usually generated through brainstorming, into groups of related families.
Algorithm
The rules for the solution of a problem, often a set of mathematical relationships or computer code.
Alpha risk
The probability of accepting the alternate hypothesis...

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