Chapter List

7.1.1 Introduction

The field of television measurements is vast, since it concerns every aspect of signal generation, recording, distribution, emission and reception. Each of these requires appropriate test waveforms and measurement techniques, which may further be a function of the TV standard in use. These techniques are not even sufficient in themselves, since permissible tolerances must be laid down for each type of picture impairment, and consideration given to the way in which distortions add along a given signal path.

It is proposed to concentrate here upon a discussion of the most common signal impairments with respect to internationally agreed test waveforms, supplemented by references to more detailed texts. The insertion test waveforms have been specifically designed to cover the most important analogue signal impairments, and some have a role in the testing of digital and component video systems.

7.1.2 Insertion Test Signals

Insertion test signals (ITS) take the form of ingeniously devised groups of waveforms which are carried by selected lines in the file blanking interval. Those to be discussed here are recommended by the international standardising bodies, the CCIR and CMTT, for analogue signal transmission...