Hands-on Electronics: A One-Semester Course for Class Instruction or Self-Study

Appendix B: Common Abbreviations and Circuit Symbols

Order-of-Magnitude Prefixes

m = milli = 10 ?3

= micro = 10 ?6

n = nano = 10 ?9

p = pico = 10 ?12

f = femto = 10 ?15

k = kilo = 10 3 (or kilohm = 10 3 ?)

M = mega = 10 6 (or megohm = 10 6 ?)

G = giga = 10 9

T = tera = 10 12

Mathematical Symbols

~ of order

? approximately equal to

? equals by definition

? change in

? implies

Electrical Terms

? = h FE = transistor current gain

? = angular frequency

? = ohm

A = ampere

AC = alternating current

C = coulomb

C = capacitance

dB = decibel

DC = direct current

F = farad

f = frequency

g m = transconductance

H = henry

Hz = hertz

I = current

L = inductance

P = power

Q = quality factor (of a bandpass filter)

R = resistance

V = volt

V CC = most positive voltage in a circuit (positive supply voltage)

V EE = most negative voltage in a circuit (negative supply voltage)

X = reactance

Z = impedance

Electrical Devices

ADC

analog to digital converter

C

symbol used in schematics for a capacitor

CMOS

complementary-MOSFET integrated-circuit family

CRT

cathode-ray tube

DAC

digital to analog converter

ECL

emitter-coupled-logic integrated-circuit family

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