TABLE OF CONTENTS 
Each user of this manual certainly will have different needs and areas of varying technical reference. However, this manual's primary function is to provide technical assistance in the "field." Therefore, this section contains some basic data directed toward field calculations, most commonly encountered by the editor, but not necessarily all-inclusive to every user. It is strongly recommended that the user highlight specific pages throughout this manual that are most useful and record supplemental data on the appropriate blank Notes pages which follow all sections.
It should be further noted that the contents of this and other sections are subordinate to applicable regulatory codes and site-specific guidelines.
The user should also refer to available instruction manuals prepared by manufacturers of measuring and recording equipment that one may encounter on a specific field reconnaissance mission.
The density of water varies relative to temperature. Its maximum density occurs at 39.2 F (4 C).
Fresh water weights 62.425 pounds per cubic foot or 1000 kilograms per cubic meter.
The total pressure exerted by the weight of a water column is determined by the column's height. The configuration of the column does not affect the pressure.
Net or normal pressure is the force applied to the pipe wall by a liquid in said pipe. Without flow in the pipe, this condition is known as "static" pressure.
The force or pressure generated by a column of water 1 foot high = 62.4/144 = w = 0.433 psi.
