Mechanical Alloying: Fundamentals and Applications

Chapter 2: Mechanical Alloying

2.1 ALLOYING MILLS

A variety of milling equipment such as attritor mills, vibratory mills, high speed blenders and shakers, planetary mill, and even large diameter conventional ball mills have been used to carry out MA. The milling machine stresses the maximum number of individual particles in a powder mass to undergo plastic deformation or initiate fracture with a minimum of energy. The motion of the milling medium and the charge varies with respect to the movement and trajectories of individual balls, the movement of the mass of balls, and the degree of energy applied to impact, shear attrition and compression forces acting on powder particles. Impact is the instantaneous striking of one object by another. Both objects may be moving or one may be stationary. Attrition is the production of wear debris or particles created by rubbing action between two bodies. This type of milling force is preferred when the materials are friable and exhibit minimal abrasiveness shear consisting of cutting or cleaving of particles, and is usually combined with other types of force. Shear contributes to fracturing by breaking particles into individual pieces, with the creation of a minimal of fines. Compression is the slow application of compressibility forces to a body. A choice between these is likely to be determined by the end results required, as well as the chemical and physical properties of the powder.

2.1.1 Mills in Practice

2.1.1.1 Szegvari Attritor Mill

More than other ball mills, the Szegvari attritor is preferred by most workers because...

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