TABLE OF CONTENTS In Chap. 8 the design, properties and modelling of standard cylinders are described. In addition to those cylinders that comply with the ISO standards, there are many special purpose variants.
One category are low cost, light duty, sealed for life cylinders, e.g. micro cylinders with very small bore, 2.5 mm to 6 mm diameter, mainly single acting with springs that retract the rods. Or small to medium bore cylinders in the range 8 mm to 63 mm diameter. These cylinders are assembled by rolling the barrel ends and end covers down to make a pressure tight seal.
Another category are serviceable medium and heavy duty cylinders. These designs can be dismantled and reassembled by the user to replace worn seals and regrease or replace damaged component parts. The heavy duty versions are extremely rugged, hard wearing, heavy weight tie rod designs to be used in mines, quarries, steel plants or foundries.
A last category are ultra-low friction cylinders that have a graphite piston and a glass liner (Richer and Hurmuzlu 2000; G venic and Srinivasan 2000). While the friction is very low, the leakage can be significant.
All these types are similar to those covered in Chap. 8 and can be analysed with the material described there. But there are several variations for special applications that will be presented in this chapter.
A simple way to move a load to a number of fixed reliable positions is to mount two or more cylinders together and...
