Donald G. Fink, Late Editor

H. Wayne Beaty, Editor

Former Managing Editor, Electric Light & Power
Former Editorial Director, Power Delivery Product News
Former Managing Editor, Utility Automation
Former Senior Editor, Electrical World
Senior Member, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

McGRAW-HILL
New York
San Francisco
Washington, D.C.
Auckland
Bogot
Caracas
Lisbon
London
Madrid
Mexico City
Milan
Montreal
New Delhi
San Juan
Singapore
Sydney
Tokyo
Toronto

The Library of Congress cataloged the First Issue as follows:
Standard handbook for electrical engineers. 1st-ed.
v, diagrs., tables. 18 24 cm.
Editors: 4th-6th, F.F.Fowle. 7th- A.E.Knowlton
1. Electric engineering Handbooks, manuals, etc.
I. Fowle, Frank Fuller, date, ed. II. Knowlton, Archer Eben, date, ed.
TK151.S8 56 6964
Library of Congress [r58n ³19]
ISBN 0-07-020975-8

Copyright 2000, 1993, 1987, 1978, 1968, 1957 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

All Rights Reserved.

Copyright renewed 1985, 1977, 1969, 1961, 1950, 1943, 1936, 1935 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

All Rights Reserved.

Copyright 1949, 1941, 1933, 1922, 1915, 1910, 1908, 1907 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

All Rights Reserved.
Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright
Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by
any means, or stored in a data base or retrieval system, without the prior written permission
of the publisher.

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 DOC DOC 0 4 3

ISBN 0-07-022005-0

The sponsoring editor for this book was Scott Grillo, the editing supervisor...