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Galling: (contamination control) Surface damage due to adhesion and fracturing of surfaces in contact. Galling is a source of particulate contamination in vacuum systems containing moving parts.
Galvanize: The process of depositing zinc on a surface, usually by hot dipping or electroplating.
Galvanic corrosion: Electrochemical corrosion due to the voltage generated by dissimilar metals in contact with an electrolyte present. Examples: Galvanic corrosion between a film matrix and a precipitated phase (Al ₂Cu in Al metallization), Chromium carbide in an alloy matrix in stainless steel weldments.
Garnet: A naturally occurring abrasive material that is composed of metal silicates.
Gas: A state of matter in which the molecular constituents move freely and expand to fill the container that holds it. Generally the term includes vapors.

See also Vapor.
Gas, ideal: A gas that is composed of atoms and molecules that physically collide but otherwise do not interact. Low-pressure gases are generally treated as Ideal gases.
Gas, non-ideal: A gas that does not obey the Ideal Gas Law because of atomic and molecular interactions other than physical collision. Example: Water vapor at room temperature. Also called a Real gas.
Gas ballasting: (vacuum technology) The introduction of a non-condensing gas into the compression stage of a vacuum pump to dilute the vapors in the pump so that they will not be condensed by compression above their saturation vapor pressures.
Gas blanket: A protective environment formed by an inert gas surrounding the surface.
Gas cabinet: (gas distribution) A storage enclosure designed to...

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The Foundations of Vacuum Coating Technology

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