Mechanical Components Reference Materials
Reference Articles 1601 - 1700 of 1765
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Eliminating Problems with Container Defects
Description: A leading producer of glass jars for food products was challenged by its customer to produce higher quality, blemish free containers. Specifically, the customer wanted to reduce the size and number of ...
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3 Ways to Drive a Slewing Ring Bearing
From: igus® inc.Description: In rotating and turntable applications using a slewing ring bearing, the component used to drive the system is important. ...
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Applied Force and Component Selection
From: J. W. Winco, Inc.Description: Sometimes the best way to selecting the right component for an application is to base your choice on what it needs to do. In other words, start with the motion or action required of the operator, ...
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Characteristics of Common Plastics Used in Machine Components
From: J. W. Winco, Inc.Description: In the nearly 150 years since plastic materials were conceived, these man-made materials have evolved into countless types for every possible use. Below is information on a few categories of plastic ...
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Engineering Tips: Choosing the Right Leveling Device
From: J. W. Winco, Inc.Description: Leveling devices are also known as leveling feet, leveling mounts, leveler bolts, antivibration pads, antivibration mounts, Level-It mounts, Level-It pads, machinery mounts, levelers, leveling ...
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Guide to Vibration-Proof Fasteners
From: J. W. Winco, Inc.Description: How do you insure the fasteners won't loosen in an application that is prone to vibration? Engineers frequently debate that question. Along with proper torque, common possible solutions boil down to ...
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Pros and Cons of Aluminum
From: J. W. Winco, Inc.Description: Aluminum is an excellent material for machine components, offering many beneficial characteristics. Let's review the advantages and disadvantages of this metal that affect it's appropriateness in ...
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Selecting the Correct Knob
From: J. W. Winco, Inc.Description: No machine component seems more elementary than a knob. But in fact, there are many possible configurations for this simple part, and choosing the right type is key to the optimal function of the ...
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Selecting the Right Hinge
From: J. W. Winco, Inc.Description: When you're building any sort of enclosure with access to its interior, hinges will be a concern. ...
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Stainless Steel Characteristics
From: J. W. Winco, Inc.Description: Engineers understand that there are many different types of stainless steels and they all have slightly different characteristics. Of course, a food industry application suggests using stainless ...
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Understanding Bearings
From: J. W. Winco, Inc.Description: Bearings can trace their origins back to the royal halls of ancient Egypt. The logs that were used to roll immense stone blocks for the pyramids were some of the earliest bearings. Bearings work ...
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5 Linear Bearing Mistakes You Don't Know You're Making
From: igus® inc.Description: I often hear about how a customer tried using plain bearings for a linear application, but experienced binding or irregular motion. With a little education, this is easy to avoid. ...
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Why Tension, NOT Torque?
From: Industrial IndicatorsDescription: Most fasteners are tightened using traditional methods such as manual torque wrenching, pneumatic impact wrenching, or automatic torque cutoff tools. These traditional methods have a well-known ...
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Advancements in Ball Bearings Used for Critical High Tech Applications
From: Thomson Industries Inc.Description: Balls are one of the oldest mechanical devices, being found in bearings used on Roman ships constructed around 40 A.D. Yet new designs, manufacturing techniques and applications are continually being ...
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4 Reasons To Use Environmentally Friendly Plastic Bushings
From: igus® inc.Description: Using dry-running plastic bushings can significantly decrease any negative effects on the environment. ...
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Proper Bearing Handling Can Help Prevent Bearing Failures
From: AST Bearings LLCDescription: This article explains how to properly handle bearings. Otherwise, it may lead to premature failure. ...
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The Proof is in the Plastic
From: igus® inc.Description: I'm sure you've heard the saying, "The proof is in the pudding." But when it comes to self-lubricating plastic bearings, the proof is definitely in the plastic. ...
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Aerostatic Bearings
Description: Aerostatic Bearings shares many of the advantages of the aerodynamic bearing. In addition, it supports all of its designed load at zero speed. This effect results from its principal disadvantage: it ...
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Introduction to Air Bearings
Description: Of the more important advantages which are offered by gas lubrication, the low viscosity of gases as compared with liquids can be exploited to special benefit. The extremely low static friction which ...
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Automotive Subassembly Engineers Face a Multitude of Challenges
From: Real Seal CompanyDescription: It used to be that automotive companies took ownership for all aspects of the finished vehicle... scores of engineers worked on the improvements and innovation that put American automotive companies ...
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Seals for High End Electronics - Not Your Run of the Mill Seal Application
From: Real Seal CompanyDescription: High end electronics pose a number of challenges that conventional seal applications do not. While most conventional seal applications focus on media compatibility, physical properties, and longevity, ...
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Factors to Consider When Choosing a Crossed Roller Bearing (.pdf)
Description: For the lack of the right bearing, the kingdom of ever-faster microprocessors might have been lost. But this story has a happy ending. Technical achievements in microprocessor manufacturing, ...
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How to Choose Fasteners that Maximize Assembly Life
From: SPIROLDescription: Fasteners are usually the smallest, least expensive components within an assembly. Even though fasteners usually hold the entire assembly together, they are often overlooked until the end of the ...
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How to Control Shim Tooling Costs
From: SPIROLDescription: Shim tooling costs are one of the quickest ways to drive a prototype or short-run production project over budget. SPIROL has several manufacturing methods that eliminate or greatly reduce tooling ...
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How to Maintain Joint Integrity When Converting from Metal to Plastic
From: SPIROLDescription: The weakest sections of many plastic part designs are the joints and assembly points. During screw assembly of mating components, the screw has to be tightened with sufficient torque to produce the ...
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How To Properly Mate Compression Limiters and Threaded Inserts in Plastic Assemblies
From: SPIROLDescription: In applications where the mating component is also plastic, a Compression Limiter is necessary to avoid the creep or stress relaxation in the mating component from reducing the frictional load in the ...
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3 Misconceptions About Thin-walled Bushings
From: igus® inc.Description: In most instances, when something is thicker, it's usually better - a thick, juicy piece of steak, especially thick socks to keep your feet warm on a cold day, or a shiny, thick coat of paint on a ...
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Oil-Free Bearings Withstand 43,200 Cycles 24/7
From: igus® inc.Description: It goes without saying that it's extremely important for a bearing to meet the high standards of cleanliness and hygiene demanded by the packaging industry. ...
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Modular bearing system for planetary Wind turbine gearboxes
From: NKE Austria GmbHDescription: Model shown at the NKE stand on the 2009 MDA trade fair in Hannover: Planetary bearing supports for a 1.5 MW wind turbine gearbox with one planetary gear stage. NKE AUSTRIA has developed a modular ...
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3 Ways to Avoid Failure When Mounting a Slewing Ring
From: igus® inc.Description: Slewing ring bearings are ideal for rotating and turntable-type applications. While understanding the design and performance capabilities of a slewing ring bearing is important, it is equally ...
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A Guide to Ball Bearing Materials
From: igus® inc.Description: Ball bearings can be used in a variety of applications, from medical and aerospace technology, to packaging equipment, electronics, office technology, and even high-end yo-yoâ s. Since these ...
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Hinge Optimization
From: EMKA IncorporatedDescription: Primary Function: To hold one edge of the door in place as the opposite edge swings open. Secondary Functions: To allow the door to open enough for easy access and so that an aisle is not blocked. To ...
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How to Install and Quality Test a Plain Bearing
From: igus® inc.Description: While it may seem simple in the scheme of a large project, the manner in which a bearing is installed and quality tested is essential to the success of any mechanical system. If the installation of ...
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Plastic Versus Steel Rod End Bearings
From: igus® inc.Description: Spherical rod end bearings are ideal for facilitating rotary and linear motion in a wide variety of applications from packaging and agricultural equipment, to medical and exercise machinery. However, ...
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Strength of Hinges
From: EMKA IncorporatedDescription: Not only door dimensions, orientation and position of the center of gravity, but also the position of the hinges and the tolerances of installing them can have a profound effect on the load carrying ...
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Wear Capabilities and Limits of Plain Bearings
From: igus® inc.Description: Previous installments of TechTalk have discussed how using plastic bearings can help reduce wear and how different types of shaft materials affect wear and bearing life. In this installment, Iâ ll be ...
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The True Cost of Bearing Lubrication
From: igus® inc.Description: Today, machine and equipment manufacturers are feeling more pressure than ever to reduce costs without sacrificing machine performance and this balancing act can be difficult to achieve. Original ...
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Working with Linear Bushings Pt 3: Length, Load, and Surface Treatment
From: MISUMI USADescription: Relationship of Bushing Length and Load Capacity: Longer bushing has more ball bearings, and the load on each ball bearing in contact will be smaller. This effect can be confirmed from the fact that ...
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Technology in Motion - Three Ways to Reduce Bottle Handling Costs (.pdf)
Description: Glass bottle manufacturers around the globe continue to explore every opportunity to improve production and reduce costly downtime. A key step in the quest for maximum production is the optimization ...
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Automotive Application story: Long Travel Lengths Make the Difference for Tractor Trailer Manufacturer (.pdf)
Description: Challenge: A tractor trailer manufacturer needed an actuator to pick and place large wall panels. Panels are large and relatively heavy, and the unit required a 24 foot travel. A contaminant concern ...
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Ball Bearing Cages, Retainers, Ball Separators
From: AST Bearings LLCDescription: The ball bearing cage (also known as a ball bearing retainer or ball separator -- these are used interchangeably), is the component in a ball bearing, that separates the balls, maintains the balls ...
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Ball Bearing Radial Play (Internal Clearance)
From: AST Bearings LLCDescription: At first glance, ball bearings are relatively simple mechanisms. However, an analysis of their internal geometries reveals that they are quite complex. For example, the ball to raceway conformity, the ...
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Bearing Closures - Bearing Seals and Bearing Shields
From: AST Bearings LLCDescription: Ball and roller bearings are available with different types of shields and seals. These are commonly referred to as closures. Closures can extend bearing life by preventing contaminants from reaching ...
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Bearing Lubrication - Types, Methods, and Shelf Life
From: AST Bearings LLCDescription: Lubrication plays a vital role in the performance and life of rolling element bearings. The most important task of the lubricant is to separate parts moving relative to one another (balls or rollers ...
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Bearing Materials - Ceramics, Chrome Steels, Stainless Steels, and Plastics
From: AST Bearings LLCDescription: The bearing industry uses different materials for the production of the various bearing components. The materials are processed to achieve desirable properties to maximize bearing performance and ...
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Bearing Tolerances and Precision Levels
From: AST Bearings LLCDescription: In the United States, the American Bearing Manufacturers Association (ABMA) maintains the standards deemed necessary by its bearing industry member companies. This includes revising existing, or ...
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Not All Thin-Section Bearings are Created Equal (.pdf)
From: KAYDON BearingsDescription: Kaydon has developed a new method for calculating the Dynamic Radial Load Rating for "Thin-Section" ball bearings. The new method uses the contact stress and the number of stress cycles per revolution ...
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Quieting Impact and Vibration (.pdf)
Description: Spring technology for dampening is relatively old. Stagecoaches had leaf springs, early trains had large, crude, coil-spring buffers (to absorb shocks when cars bumped together) and early automobiles ...
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Bearing All: Retaining Methods
From: MISUMI USADescription: Ball bearings need to be retained in three directions, radial, axial, and circumferential in relation to its housing and a shaft. The radial and circumferential direction retention is mainly based on ...
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Joining: Through Thick & Thin
Description: Self-pierce riveting (SPR) has been around for decades, so most are probably familiar with its basic premise. SPR is a cold joining process used to fasten two or more sheets of material by driving an ...
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No Holes, No Problem
Description: A truck manufacturer switched most of its cab designs from the traditional stick frame to a more "automotive" monocoque construction. This significantly increased the number of material combinations ...
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3 Tips for Choosing a Linear Slide Table
From: igus® inc.Description: Whether you want to design your own linear slide table system or buy one as a ready-made, off-the-shelf assembly, there are a wide variety of linear products available on the market today. Materials ...
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6 Reasons To Use Plastic Spherical Bearings
From: igus® inc.Description: When starting work on a new project that requires motion control, one of the most important considerations is what bearings to use. It's easy to fall back on what you've been using for years instead ...
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Choosing the Right Bearing Shaft Material
From: igus® inc.Description: Reducing costs is an important factor for many companies. The ability to use low-cost shafting heavily depends on the bearings chosen to run on it. For example, ball bearings require very hard (60HRC ...
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Delegate to igus®
From: igus® inc.Description: Yes, 2010 has arrived and with it the cold weather. For some of us, this also means snow. The snow isn't for everyone but, personally, I'm always thrilled, since I love to ski. When I ski, I like to ...
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How to Increase Speeds and Accelerations Using Plastic Bearings
From: igus® inc.Description: A few years ago, we replaced ball bearings on the welding jaw of a vertical-form-fill-seal machine, which enabled it to pack more bags of product per hour, translating into an impressive 20% increase ...
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How to Lower Driving Force and Friction with Hybrid Bearings
From: igus® inc.Description: During my ten years at igus®, I've encountered a number of customers who wanted to use our DryLin® linear bearings for manual applications, but sometimes due to heavy loads or the ...
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The 2:1 Rule and How to Define Fixed and Floating Bearings
From: igus® inc.Description: When using DryLin®, it is important to ensure that all acting forces follow the 2:1 rule. In a nutshell, if either the drive force (Fa) or applied load force (Fs) are a greater distance than ...
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The 5 Major Benefits of Plastic Bearings
From: igus® inc.Description: Some engineers hesitate to use plastic bearings in their designs. Maybe they have trusted metal and bronze bearings for years or they simply don't think plastics can handle the tough applications or ...
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The Science Behind Triboplastic Bearings
From: igus® inc.Description: During my recent travels, I revisited a customer who, just a few years before, was set against using plastic bearings. He knew he could save a lot of money by making the switch, but couldn't be ...
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Principles of Ballscrew Repair
From: KURODA JENATEC, Inc.Description: What exactly does happen to a ballscrew when it fails and what are the principles and procedures to repair a ballscrew from a company such as Jena Tec? The most frequent cause of failure of a ...
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Intro to Plastic Valves: Seals
Description: An O-ring is a round elastomeric ring. O-rings are ideally suited to be a compressed, static seal between non moving parts. O-rings can be used as a face seal on a valve, and used on rotating shafts. ...
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Ball Screws and Lead Screws - The Real World Difference (.pdf)
From: Thomson Industries Inc.Description: Machine Builder Question> -- "Ballscrews and leadscrews often are not interchangable, and there's always a trade-off between precision, rigidity and load capacity. I'm also told that specs don't ...
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Design Engineer's Guide - Selecting a Lubricant for Ball Screws (.pdf)
From: Thomson Industries Inc.Description: Many parameters must be considered when designing or selecting a ball screw assembly. Operating load, speed, accuracy, environment, and power requirements all play major roles in the design criteria. ...
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Bolt 'N' Go: Flight Installation and Chain Assembly Made Easy! (.pdf)
From: 4B Components, Ltd.Description: Traditional chain systems use pins and circlips. The disadvantage of this type of system, is that during any maintenance repairs on the chain, the whole chain would have to be lifted out of the ...
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How to Detect Slack or Broken Chain (.pdf)
From: 4B Components, Ltd.Description: The 4B high power WDA reluctance sensor will detect a moving ferrous object up to 4" away. It is not affected by dust or material build up. It can be used as a slack/broken chain detector when ...
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Sealed Right, Sealed Tight (.pdf)
From: Daemar Inc.Description: Improper seal installation is one of the leading causes of subsequent seal failure. However by following a few key steps this leading cause of seal failure can be dramatically reduced. ...
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How to Design Your Own Springs
Description: In depth details, nomenclature and information on the load deflection formula developed by J. Almen and A. Laszlo and published in the Transactions of the American Society of Engineers May 1936 ...
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Spring Design Analysis Program - Download Excel
Description: Contact Rolex Company for achievable manufacturing tolerances for piece part and/or stack load tolerance requirements and especially for availability of materials needed to meet specific design ...
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An Overview of Bearing Types and Glossary of Engineering Terms (.pdf)
From: Emerson Bearing Co.Description: This document goes over the different types of rolling bearing types. ...
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Barden Company Engineering Data for Super Precision Bearings (.pdf)
From: Emerson Bearing Co.Description: After a bearing selection has been made, the product or system designer should pay careful attention to details of bearing mounting and fitting. ...
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Comparison of the Load Carrying Ability of Different Types of Bearings (.pdf)
From: Emerson Bearing Co.Description: The table compares the performance of different bearing types with regard to load, accuracy, noise and friction. ...
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Hinge Design Guidelines
From: H.A. Guden Co., Inc.Description: Keep these factors in mind for optimal performance at an economical cost: Select a standard product from our catalog. We have over 600 in-stock items from which to choose. For most items (up to .074 ...
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Vibration & Shock Isolation: Complex Driving Forces (.pdf)
Description: When the disturbing forces are neither sinusoidal nor suddenly applied, the vibration analysis becomes more complicated. While it is more difficult to give general guidelines or methods of analysis, ...
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Vibration Isolators: Design Problem Examples (.pdf)
Description: The following are a number of problems intended to familiarize the reader with the basic applications of vibration isolators. More advanced techniques which would result in stiffer isolators while ...
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Take the Wheel: Exploring the possibilities of Guide Wheels Systems (.pdf)
Description: After more than 40 years of use in thousands of applications ranging from the saw mill to the clean room, and from light to heavy loads, guide wheels have proven features that meet performance, ...
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Gantry Machining of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic
Description: An aerospace company needed a gantry machine capable of high-speed machining of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) used on aircraft wings and fuselage. It was critical that the machining process ...
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The Mechanics of Nonlinear Systems with Internal Resonances
Description: The Mechanics of Nonlinear Systems with Internal Resonances Written for researchers, graduate and post-graduate students interested in nonlinear systems, this book is devoted to internal resonances ...
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The Power to Fly: An Engineer's Life
Description: The Power to Fly: An Engineer's Life In this gripping memoir, the author reveals unpublished details about the thinking behind major GE products, including the F404 engines that power the U.S. Navy s ...
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Value-at-Risk: Theory and Practice
Description: Value-at-Risk: Theory and Practice Value-at-risk (VaR) is a measure of market risk that has been widely adopted since the mid-1990s for use on trading floors. This takes readers from the basics of ...
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Flight Catering, Second Edition
Description: Flight Catering, Second Edition Fully endorsed by the International Flight Catering Association, this authoritative guide takes the reader through every aspect of in-flight catering including ...
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Geotourism: Sustainability, Impacts and Management
Description: Geotourism: Sustainability, Impacts and Management Using a wealth of case studies, this unique text discusses the issues involved in the management and care of geological attractions, covering topics ...
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Key Considerations for Energy Efficient Design
From: Precision IncorporatedDescription: Energy efficiency and power quality standards are driving the use of solutions, such as, PFC technology and creative magnetic component designs. Examples include the European Distortion Requirements, ...
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Key Considerations for PFC Conductors
From: Precision IncorporatedDescription: PFC (Power Factor Correction) inductors are used in active boost circuits to correct harmonic current distortion in AC to DC converters. The goal is to achieve a Power Factor (PF) as close to 1.0 are ...
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Development of a New High Performance Material to Improve Vehicle Efficiency by Reducing Frictional and Parasitic Energy Losses in Transmission Components (.pdf)
Description: Emission regulations, fuel conservation and green-house gas reduction have made vehicle efficiency a driving force in driveline and transmission design. Literature and customer interviews have ...
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Design-Oriented Analysis of Structures: A Unified Approach
Description: Design-Oriented Analysis of Structures: A Unified Approach Demonstrating many illustrative examples and numerical results, this book deals with problems of multiple repeated analyses (reanalysis) of ...
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Limit Analysis & Soil Plasticity
Description: Limit Analysis & Soil Plasticity Devoted to the theory and applications of limit analysis as applied to soil mechanics, this text also contains information on soil plasticity and rock-like ...
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Earth Anchors
Description: Earth Anchors Summarizing most of the theoretical and experimental works directed toward the ultimate and allowable holding capacity of earth anchors, this book discusses horizontal, vertical and ...
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Seals and Sealing Handbook, Fifth Edition
Description: Seals and Sealing Handbook, Fifth Edition An introduction to the subject of sealing technology, this book provides an understanding of the issues involved and sufficient information to assist with ...
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The System Designer's Guide to VHDL-AMS: Analog, Mixed-Signal, and Mixed-Technology Modeling
Description: The System Designer's Guide to VHDL-AMS: Analog, Mixed-Signal, and Mixed-Technology Modeling This comprehensive manual explains how to use VHDL-AMS to write a hardware design, which you can then test ...
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Theoretical Foundation Engineering
Description: Theoretical Foundation Engineering Featuring an easy-to-understand format where detailed mathematical treatment is kept to a minimum, this in-depth book provides numerous charts, drawings, and ...
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Flexible Couplings: APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS
Description: Flexible couplings are designed to accommodate various types of load conditions. No one type of coupling can provide the universal solution to all coupling problems; hence many designs are available, ...
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GENERAL CLASSIFICATION OF COUPLINGS AND THEIR PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Description: Typical rigid couplings shown usuallycomprises a sleeve fitting snugly on the con- nected shafts and positively connected with each shaft by pins... ...
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Variable Speed Drives and Centrifuges for Zone 1 Hazardous Areas (.pdf)
From: R. STAHL, Inc.Description: Using a variable frequency drive (VFD) provides a standard solution to get the top performance of machines in many applications in the process industry. Today, there is no solution to install ...
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Active Coils in a Spring
From: Newcomb Spring Corp.Description: The active coils are what make a spring a spring. We normally refer to the coils that open in an extension spring, the coils that deflect or close in a compression spring and the coils that twist or ...
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Bearing Wear
From: Daemar Inc.Description: PV (Pressure & Velocity) is the most common empirical tool to use when comparing and contrasting bearing performance. "P" is related to pressure or pounds per square inch on the projected bearing ...
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Compression Spring Solid Height
From: Newcomb Spring Corp.Description: The Solid Height of a compression spring is the height of the spring when all of the coils are brought together (stacked) by compression (load). Solid Height should only be specified when it is ...
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How Spring Design Affects Cost
From: Newcomb Spring Corp.Description: Often spring designs are more expensive and difficult to manufacture due to lack of space. Each type of spring presents its own challenges, however, adequate space for coils and spring diameters can ...
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Lubricant Failure = Bearing Failure
Description: Bearings rarely wear out, yet they do fail. Careful analysis of bearing condition and failure modes can provide insight into the causes of failure and how to correct them. In most cases, lubrication ...
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Modulus of Elasticity
From: Newcomb Spring Corp.Description: Modulus of Elasticity is the measurement of stiffness and rigidity of spring material, or its elastic ability. The higher the value (modulus), the stiffer the material. Conversely, materials with ...