The industry's most authoritative handbook on flow measurement provides a road map to the field of flow measurement. This best-seller discusses strategies for problem solving and puts the whole array of types of flowmeters at the reader's disposal. The text includes laminar flow elements, critical flowmeters, statistics for measurement, laboratory primary standards, and uncertainty in flow measurement. Emphasis is placed on the importance of accuracy in measurements and ways of ensuring accuracy and avoiding equipment damage through correct forecast of operating conditions, flowmeter selection, installation, calibration, and maintenance. Fundamental considerations such as mixed-phase flow, piping effects, and flow conditioning are examined at length. The problem of attaining a meaningful flow signal through linearization, compensation, and totalization is discussed. Join the thousands of engineers, technicians, managers, and salespeople that have found this reference text an invaluable resource.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Flow Measurement
Chapter 3 - Physical Properties of Fluids: Specific Volume
Some data provide specific volume rather than density. This term is volume/
mass and is merely the reciprocal of density. Tables and graphs for properties of
steam show specific volume of steam rather than density. English system units are
ft3/lb, and SI units are usually m3/kg.
Density can be derived from the volumetric expansion equation. For example:
The density of 100% sulfuric acid at 20°C is 1.8305 kg/liter. What is its
density at 50°C? The equation is found to be:
| Vt = V0 [1 + A(t) + B(t)2] | ||
| where: | ||
| Vt = volume at t°C V0 = volume at 0°C A = 0.5758-3 B = -0.432-6 | ||
| Solving: |
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© 2001 ISA
