Facility Piping Systems Handbook, Second Edition
Using a total systems approach, this handbook progresses from fundamentals of system and component operation to a design procedure that allows quick and accurate component and pipe sizing.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Facility Piping Systems Handbook, Second Edition
Chapter 3: SOLID-LIQUID SEPARATION AND INTERCEPTORS
This chapter will describe the methods used to separate suspended solids (particulates) and liquids from a feedwater stream. Separation is characterized by the recovery of all of the processed water and having the flow of the feedwater, in general, pass through the filter perpendicular to the filter bed or medium. General selection criteria will also be discussed.
FILTER CLASSIFICATION AND TESTING
There are many ways to classify filters:
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Filtration types. Depth, surface, and screen are general filter types.
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Driving force. Flow through the filter can be induced by pumps (pressure), centrifugal force, or gravity.
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Function. The goal of the filtration process is either retention of the dry solid when the filter cake is of value or disposal of the filter cake when process liquid is of value.
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Operating cycle. The cycle of operation can be batch mode or continuous.
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Nature of the solid. The accumulation of solids within a filter matrix can be either deformable (compressible) or rigid (incompressible).
The classification of filters is not exclusive and the distinction between them is arbitrary. Here the characterization of filters will be based on the type of filtration, the characteristic generally used in utility and service water filtration systems.
Interceptors, strainers, and filters are all devices used to reduce (or remove) and retain suspended solids. Other separation processes, such as sedimentation and centrifugation, that are used to treat large quantities of water or for dewatering, are outside the scope of this book. Design and selection criteria for...
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