Facility Piping Systems Handbook, Second Edition
Using a total systems approach, this handbook progresses from fundamentals of system and component operation to a design procedure that allows quick and accurate component and pipe sizing.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Facility Piping Systems Handbook, Second Edition
Chapter 13: FUEL GAS SYSTEMS
The fuel gas system delivers gas to provide light or heat energy in sufficient volume and pressure as required for the satisfactory operation of all connected devices and for all purposes. This chapter will discuss natural gas and propane only.
FUEL GAS DESCRIPTION
There are many gases used as a fuel gas. Where easily and cheaply available, two major fuel gases, natural gas (NG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), are preferred. Other gases are used because of availability. Refer to Table 13.1 for the physical and combustion properties of the fuel gases most commonly available throughout the world.
| Name of gas | Heating value | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Btu/cu ft (1) | Btu/lb (2) | Heat release, Btu (3) | Specific gravity | Density, lb per cu ft | Specific volume cu ft/lb | |||||
| Gross | Net | Gross | Net | Per cu ft air | Per lb air | |||||
| 1. | Acetylene | 1498 | 1447 | 21,569 | 20,837 | 125.8 | 1677 | 0.91 | .07 | 14.4 |
| 2. | Blast Furnace Gas | 92 | 92 | 1178 | 1178 | 135.3 | 1804 | 1.02 | .078 | 12.8 |
| 3. | Butane | 3225 | 2977 | 21,640 | 19,976 | 105.8 | 1411 | 1.95 | .149 | 6.71 |
| 4. | Butylene (Butene) | 3077 | 2876 | 20,780 | 19,420 | 107.6 | 1435 | 1.94 | .148 | 6.74 |
| 5. | Carbon Monoxide | 323 | 323 | 4368 | 4368 | 135.7 | 1809 | 0.97 | .074 | 13.5 |
| 6. | Carburetted Water Gas | 550 | 508 | 11,440 | 10,566 | 119.6 | 1595 | 0.63 | .048 | 20.8 |
| 7. | Coke Oven Gas | 574 | 514 | 17,048 | 15,266 | 115.0 | 1533 | 0.44 | .034 | 29.7 |
| 8. | Digester (Sewage) Gas | 690 | 621 | 11,316 | 10,184 | 107.6 | 1407 | 0.80 | .062 | 16.3 |
| 9. | Ethane | 1783 | 1630 | 22,198 |
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