Single Phase Transformers Specifications

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General Specifications

	Other Transformer Types / Applications
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	Audio Transformer		Audio transformers are ideally suited for voice and data transmission. The frequency response of these transformers typically ranges from 300 Hz to 20 kHz.
	Autotransformer		Autotransformers are a special type of power transformer that only has one winding. By tapping or connecting at certain points along the winding, different voltages can be obtained. Autotransformers are generally used in low-power applications.
	Balun Transformer		Balun transformers are used to interface a balanced line (two conductors carrying equal currents in opposite directions) to an unbalanced line (one conductor carrying current and a ground).  Its name is derived from the terms applied to BALanced to UNbalanced lines.
	Buck-Boost Transformer		Buck-boost transformers are used to make small changes to a voltage. Typical usage is for distribution, power, or power supply transformers.
	Constant Voltage Transformer (CVT)		Constant voltage transformers keep the secondary voltage constant even if the primary (source) voltage changes.
	Constant Current Transformer		Constant current transformers or current regulators are designed to deliver constant current under varying loading conditions. They are most often used to provide the power to series-connected street lights.
	Distribution Transformer		Distribution transformers are pole-type transformers that supply relatively small amounts of power to residences. They are used at the end of an electrical utility’s delivery system. Distribution transformers are used in electrical power distribution and transmission systems. These types of transformers have high power, or volt-ampere, ratings.  The power rating is normally determined by the type of cooling methods the transformer may use. Some commonly-used methods of cooling include using oil or some other heat-conducting material. Ampere rating is increased in a distribution transformer by increasing the size of the primary and secondary windings; voltage ratings are increased by increasing the voltage rating of the insulation used in making the transformer.
	Flyback Transformer (FBT)		Flyback transformers (FBT) or line output transformers (LOPT) are transformers that are designed to produce a very high output voltage (normally in the order of kilovolts) from a relatively low input voltage. Flyback is a topology that uses the flyback - also known as kickback - of an inductor to convert the input voltage to the transformer to a desired output voltage. This is done by first storing the input energy (in the inductor) produced by the input voltage (this is called the charging cycle), and then transferring this energy (this is called the discharge cycle) to the output. They are commonly used to generate high voltage to drive CRTs.
	GSU Transformer		Generator step-up (GSU) power transformers are used to increase the voltage from a power generator to the desired higher voltage. They are normally located in a power station.
	Harmonic Mitigating Transformer		Transformers used to correct the harmonic distortion of power lines and other systems.
	High Frequency Transformer		Transformers used in high-frequency applications.
	High-Voltage Transformer		High-voltage transformers are used in situations where a high voltage is needed.
	Impedance Matching Transformer		Impedance matching transformers are used to interface two different devices or circuits in order to provide common impedance. In general, these types of transformers have a 1:1 turn ratio.
	Industrial Control Transformer		Control transformers are used in electronic circuits or systems that require constant voltage or constant current.
	Interface Transformer		Interface transformers are used in communications applications where the signal is isolated.
	Inverter Transformer		Inverter transformers are used in inverter circuits, such as power conversion inverters.
	Isolation Transformer		Isolation transformers are low-power transformers used to isolate the primary and secondary windings completely without affecting the quality of the signal passing through. Noise represents a typical isolated signal. In isolation transformers, there is typically no change in the voltage from primary to secondary. Isolation transformers are also used to ground electronic circuits.
	Leakage Transformer		Leakage (or stray-field) transformers have a higher leakage inductance than normal transformers. This makes the primary and secondary currents very small, so no thermal overload occurs. These transformers are used for arc welding, discharge lamps, and other applications.
	Lighting Transformer		Lighting transformers are used to provide suitable power to lights and lighting systems.
	Medical Transformer		A transformer used in medical applications such as biomedical equipment in hospitals. There are many strict safety rules, guidelines, and laws governing the design, construction, and use  of these transformers.
	Multi-Ratio Transformer		These transformers have several outputs. Each output corresponds to a different transformer ratio.
	Neutral Grounding Transformer		Transformers used to provide earth reference points to underground electrical systems. The best way to ground a power system is to obtain the system neutral through a generator or transformer with a wye-connected winding.
	Power Transformer		Power transformers convert one voltage to another at high power levels. Power  transformers  are  used  in  electronic circuits  and come  in  many  different  types  and applications. Power transformers are sometimes considered to be those with ratings of 300 volt-amperes and below.  These transformers normally provide power to the power supply of an electronic device, such as in power amplifiers in audio receivers.
	Rectifier Transformer		Rectifier transformers produce a DC current or voltage. They drive a diode or a thyristor and are used in electrolysis and smelting applications.
	Resonant Transformer		Resonant transformers operate at the resonant frequency of one of its coils (the primary or the secondary). They are used for arc welding, discharge lamps, etc.
	Solar Power Transformer		The transformer is used in solar power applications.
	Substation Transformer		Substation transformers are used in substation terminals where the incoming voltage is stepped up or down.
	Variac / Variable Autotransformer		A variac is an autotransformer with sliding tap. They are also known as variable autotransformers.
	Other		Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary transformer type.
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	Winding Turns
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	Step-Up Transformer		In step-up transformers, the secondary voltage is larger than the primary voltage.
	Step-Down Transformer		In step-down transformers, the secondary voltage is smaller than the primary voltage.
	Variable		The transformer has a setting to change the turn ratio as needed.
	One to One		The transformer ratio is 1:1, or near 1:1.
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	Cooling Method
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	Dry-type / Air Cooled		Air-cooled or dry-type transformers do not have a core. The two windings are facing each other and are surrounded by air. In large transformers, the enclosure or case is ventilated to allow air to flow and cool the windings. Because they are environmentally safe, they can be used indoors of houses or buildings.
	Oil Filled		In oil-filled power transformers, the winding and core are immersed in oil to keep the transformer cool. Oil is also used as an insulator.
	Water		The transformer is cooled with water.
	Other		Other, unlisted, or proprietary cooling method.
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	Core Type
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	Laminated Core		Laminated transformers, or E-I transformers, contain laminated steel cores insulated with a nonconducting material such as varnish. They are formed into a core to reduce electrical losses.
	Split Core		Split core current transformers are designed to provide a low cost method to monitoring electrical current. A unique hinge and locking snap allows attachment without interrupting the current-carrying wire.
	Toroidal Core		Toroidal transformers typically consist of copper wire wrapped around a cylindrical core. This design prevents the magnetic flux that occurs within the coil from leaking.
	Other		Other unlisted or proprietary core types.
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	Output Voltage
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	AC		Alternating current (AC) waveform output voltage values are typically expressed as RMS values. Consult the manufacturer for waveform options.
	DC		With direct current (DC) secondary voltage output, consult the manufacturer for the type of rectification.
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	Mounting / Form Factor
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	Chassis Mount		A chassis-mounted transformer has tabs to facilitate screwing it down.
	Chip Transformer		Chip transformers have a form factor of an integrated circuit (IC) chip. They are typically manufactured using thin-film technology.
	Dish / Disk Mount		A simple rubber washer and metal disk or dish secures the transformer to the chassis or board. There is usually a through-hole in the middle of the disk that allows for a screw to hold the transformer down.
	H-Frame		H-frame mounting is used in applications where high vibration or shock is present. It is an "H" shaped frame that the transformer sits on. The frame is secured to the chassis or board.
	Modular Jack		Magnetics incorporated into the RJ-45 form factor ensure high common mode noise immunity, while maintaining signal integrity.
	Pad-Mounted		Pad-mounted transformers are mounted on the ground, sitting on a concrete (or other material) pad. They are normally step-down transformers used in power distribution systems to step down the voltage from the high voltage terminals of an underground distribution system to the low voltage of the end user’s needs.
	PC / PCB Mount		Any of a variety of signal transformers mounted on PCBs. They can either be surface-mounted or through-hole configurations, using the soldering method to hold the transformers. PC-mount transformers offer a small footprint for the design engineer looking to measure sensor current or voltage on a computer board. Some applications for PC or PCB transformers include sensing current overload, ground fault detection, metering, isolated current feed-back signal in switch mode power supplies, motor current load / overload, lighting, switch controls, ultra-sound current, high resolution sonar current, and isolated bi-directional current sensor with full wave bridge.
	Pole-Mounted		Pole-mounted transformers are installed on top of poles and are normally used as distribution step-down transformers servicing houses located close by.
	Other		Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary transformer mounting techniques.
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Performance Specifications

	Operating Frequency Range		The frequency range for which the transformer will meet all guaranteed specifications.
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	Maximum Primary Voltage Rating		The maximum primary voltage rating is the input voltage range of the transformer. Transformers for use with several nominal voltages need more than one primary winding. Enter the maximum voltage required for the application. Matching products will list all primary voltages available in addition to the maximum specified.
	Search Logic:		User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
	Maximum Secondary Voltage Rating		The maximum secondary voltage rating is the output voltage range of the transformer. A transformer may provide more than one secondary voltage. Enter the maximum voltage required for the application. The matching products will list all secondary voltages available in addition to the maximum specified.
	Search Logic:		User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
	Maximum Secondary Current Rating		This is the rated output current.
	Search Logic:		User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
	Power Rating (VA)		The rated power of the transformer is the sum of the VA (volts x amps) for all of the secondary windings.
	Search Logic:		User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
	Operating Temperature:		Full required range of ambient operating temperature.
	Search Logic:		User may specify either, both, or neither of the limits in a "From - To" range; when both are specified, matching products will cover entire range. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
	Single Phase Primary Configuration:		The size and cost of a transformer increases with the number of leads. A 5-lead primary requires more copper than a quad (2+2) primary. A ladder is the least economical primary configuration.
	Your choices are...
	Single		Single-phase transformers with single configuration have only one winding in the primary side and can accept only one nominal voltage.
	Dual		Single-phase transformers with dual configuration have dual windings in the primary side and can accept two nominal voltages. This configuration helps to reduce fault current levels. A 2-lead voltage selector must be provided.
	Quad (2+2)		Single-phase transformers that use the quad (2+2) configuration have dual windings in the primary side where each winding has a tap for accepting two nominal voltages.
	5-Lead		Single-phase transformers with 5-lead voltage selectors can accept five possible nominal voltages. The primary winding is arranged so that it can accept the 5 voltage ratings.
	Ladder		The ladder configuration is a model used with multiple winding transformers. A ladder transformer consists of windings in a cascade and a series of inductances connected between adjacent windings.
	Other		Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary configuration.
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Standards / Features

	Standards / Compliance
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	RoHS Compliant		Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) is a European Union (EU) directive that requires all manufacturers of electronic and electrical equipment sold in Europe to demonstrate that their products contain only minimal levels of the following hazardous substances: lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyl and polybrominated diphenyl ether. RoHS became effective on July 1, 2006.
	ANSI		American National Standards Institute (ANSI) does not itself develop American National Standards, but it facilitates standards development by establishing consensus among qualified groups.
	CSA		Canadian Standards Association (CSA) establishes standards of safety for products and helps preserve the environment. CSA tests and certifies products for national in international companies.
	IEC		International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes international standards for all electrical, electronic, and related technologies.
	MIL-STD		The transformer satisfies U.S. military standards or specifications (MIL-SPEC). There are many testing standards associated with MIL standards.
	UL		Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) is an independent, not-for-profit product safety testing and certification organization.
	TUV		TÜV Rhineland Berlin-Brandenburg appraises tests and certifies technical equipment and products according to international quality standards, and then registers those in compliance.
	VDE		The Germany-based VDE Testing & Certification Institute is accredited on a national and international level in the area of testing electrotechnical products. Testing is conducted for safety, electromagnetic compatibility, and other characteristics.
	WEEE Compliant		Waste Electrical and Electronics Equipment (WEE) is a European Union (EU) Directive that aims to encourage the reuse, recycling, and recovery of electrical and electronic equipment, and to improve the environmental impact and performance of this equipment. WEEE establishes the requirements and criteria for the collection, treatment, recycling, and recovery of this equipment. It makes producers responsible for financing these activities, and retailers and distributors must provide means for consumers to return used or obsolete equipment without charge.
	Other		Any other agency that that tests or certifies electrical, electronic, or electrotechnical products.
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	Features
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	Current Limiting Protection		The transformer has protection (such as fuses) to limit the amount of current through it.
	NEMA Enclosure		The transformer's enclosure satisfies NEMA standards.
	Outdoor Use		The transformer can be used outdoors.
	Waterproof		The transformer has a waterproof case.
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