Electrical and Electronics Reference Materials
Reference Articles 2401 - 2500 of 3232
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Selecting Cable Jacket Material for Biocompatibility: Medical Electronics
Description: Biocompatibility is ultimately a function of a completed device including all of its components, assembly processes and overall design. However, thoughtful material selection will help contribute to a ...
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Why Low-Noise Cable
Description: Low-Noise Coaxial and multiconductor cables recommended for small-signal application where shielded cable could experience mechanical shock (twisting, crushing, flexing, pulling, etc.) ...
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Medically Approved Power Supplies Boost Perfusion Monitors
From: Polytron Devices, Inc.Description: You know the different types of power supplies: Linear models are known for their reliability, transient response and low ripple and noise, while switch-mode units are compact with high efficiency ...
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What Is Your Ideal Overload Relay?
Description: Choosing which relay to use for overload protection depends on the specific electric motor starter application. ...
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Critical Components Behind Switch-mode Power Supplies
Description: The job of passive components in the input circuit of a power supply is to protect the electronic device from overcurrent and overvoltage and ensure electromagnetic compatibility-especially important ...
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Exporting to the European Union
From: InterpowerDescription: Exporting to the EU (European Union) can offer excellent trade opportunities in the global market. In fact, in terms of population, the EU is about 50% bigger than the United States. Consisting of 28 ...
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IoT Drives Demand for Automotive Circuit Protection Solutions
From: Littelfuse, Inc.Description: In the past, automobiles were made up of many independent electronic systems. Even the assembly lines that were used to manufacture the vehicles required the operation and management of multiple ...
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What is a Patch Panel?
From: bisco industriesDescription: Patch panels are metal plates with an array of cut-outs designed to accept connection jacks. In most cases patch panels are fabricated to accept a single type of connection jack such as Cat6 ethernet ...
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Piezo Engineering Tutorial
From: Aerotech, Inc.Description: In 1880, while performing experiments with tourmaline, quartz, topaz, cane sugar and Rochelle salt crystals, Pierre and Jacques Curie discovered that when mechanical stress was applied to a crystal, ...
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Stretching Your Cell Site CAPEX Budget
From: Alpha Technologies Ltd.Description: A leading wireless services provider embarked on a program to upgrade from 3G to 4G cellular service. Their goal was to complete the upgrade quickly in spite of budgetary limitations. To compound the ...
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Chainflex® Cables Tested For Guaranteed Performance
From: igus® inc.Description: For 25 years, igus® has been creating specially designed cables that stand up to millions of flexing cycles. To ensure performance, igus® has a 29,600 square-foot lab where, at any given ...
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Case Studies [Precision Positioning Switches]: Significant Cost Reduction in Detecting Double Sheet Metal Feeding
From: Metrol Co., Ltd.Description: "Contact displacement sensor" was used to detect double sheet metal feeding, however, the sensor and a display unit were expensive. Significant cost reduction can be realized without lowering the ...
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Powering Automotive Cockpit Electronics
Description: There are a many different ways to implement a buck regulator. In order to determine which solution delivers the performance and features needed for a given requirement, it is important for system ...
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3 Ways to Manage & Protect Cables
From: bisco industriesDescription: Wiring is a necessary evil of electronic devices. Think about that space behind (or under) your desk. If you're anything like me there's a tangled mess of wires waiting for you the next time you ...
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Case Studies [Precision Positioning Switches] : A Replacement of the Optical Fiber Sensors Reduced Sensor Set-up Time
From: Metrol Co., Ltd.Description: Metrol's mechanical positioning switches realize stable detection without being affected by the materials of the workpiece. No need for sensor set-up, which is necessary for optical fiber sensors each ...
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Possibilities for Geothermal Heat in the Food Processing Sector
From: Daemar Inc.Description: Geothermal heat is heat that has escaped from the core of the Earth. Not only is the heat clean, but it is renewable, making geothermal heat a great alternative to non-renewable energy sources. To get ...
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What is Wiring Duct?
From: bisco industriesDescription: Wiring ducts are plastic or metal troughs used to organize and protect wire and cable. Wiring ducts are designed with the purpose of easily allowing the organization, pulling, and separation of cables ...
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Listing of Voltages by Country
Description: Listing of Voltages by Country: PDF file provides quick look up & verification. ...
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What is a Banana Plug?
From: bisco industriesDescription: Banana plugs are one conductor (aka: single wire) electrical connectors that are traditionally used to connect wires to equipment with DC and low frequency signals. Banana plugs are male connectors ...
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What is a Butt Splice?
From: bisco industriesDescription: Despite their humorous name, butt splices are essential and widely utilized electrical connectors. In their most basic form butt splices are tubular metal connectors used to connect (splice) or ...
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What is a PLCC Socket?
From: bisco industriesDescription: Plastic leaded chip carriers (PLCC) sockets are a type of chip carrier used to form connections between integrated circuits (ICs) and printed circuit boards (PCBs). ...
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High-Quality Piezo Sound Transducers for the A380 Airbus
Description: Flying may once have been a privilege of the gods but today, traveling by air is taken for granted. The motto is larger, faster, and further but also safety first. Whatever component used in an ...
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Ultrasonic Transducers: Piezo Ultrasound for Medical, Welding, Flow Measurement & Therapeutic Applications
Description: Ultrasound has been used in nature for navigation above and under water. Bats and dolphins are but two species who perfected the transmission, reception, and processing over millions of years. ...
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The Five Main Power Problems
From: Tripp Lite by EatonDescription: Something as simple as a power surge may not seem detrimental-in fact it may go unnoticed until equipment fails. At the other end of the spectrum, blackouts can cause entire systems to immediately go ...
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5 Climate Precautions to Take With An Industrial Control Panel Enclosure
From: Thermal Edge, Inc.Description: Regional climates play a critical role when planning control panel installations. Carefully analyzing climate conditions at the control panel enclosure site prior to installation helps identify the ...
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How to Protect a Telecom Outside Plant Cabinet From Thermal Damage
From: Thermal Edge, Inc.Description: All forms of electrical equipment are susceptible to failure if they get too hot, and telecom equipment, even though it is built to high standards, is no exception. Usually the failures can be traced ...
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How to Select an Enclosure Air Conditioner for Enclosures for Any Application
From: Thermal Edge, Inc.Description: The selection of an enclosure air conditioner is relatively simple provided you pay attention to the details and correctly size the unit. Proper selection is important because an air conditioner ...
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5 Options for Controlling Temperature in Sealed Electrical Enclosures
From: Thermal Edge, Inc.Description: The reasons why enclosure designers choose sealed electrical enclosures in preference to ventilated enclosures are numerous. They may include a desire to keep equipment clean and free from ...
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Electrical Parameters Of A Reed Switch
Description: Pull-In (PI) is described as that point where the contacts close. Using a magnet, it is usually measured as a distance from the Reed Switch to the magnet in mm (inches) or in field strength AT, ...
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Handling and Load Precautions When Using Reed Switches in Various Sensor and Relay Applications
Description: Many users of reed switches for sensor and reed relay applications try to make the sensors and or relays themselves internally. Often however, they do not observe some basic precautions and preventive ...
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Latching & Form B Reed Relays And Sensors
Description: Reed relay and sensor training module. ...
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Load Switching and Contact Protection
Description: The reed switch contact rating is dependent on the switch size, gap size or ampere turn rating, contact material and atmosphere within the glass capsule. To receive the maximum life for a given load ...
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Magnetization
Description: All about magnet types. ...
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Magnets and Their Specifications
Description: Magnets are available in multiple specifications on the market. Almost all dimensions and geometries can be realised. To activate the reed switch a magnet (magnet field) is needed. The different ...
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Permanent Magnet Technology
Description: This presentation explores magnet technology and how magnets are used in the electronics industry. ...
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Reed Relay Vs. Solid-State & Mechanical Relays
Description: Table comparing reed relays with solid state and mechanical relays. ...
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Reed Relays Overview
Description: This presentation explores reed relay technology. ...
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Reed Sensor Applications
Description: Reading the previous sections on the reed switch basics, key parameters, and operational characteristics before delving into this section will give one a better background and more insight into ...
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Reed Switch And Magnet Interaction
Description: This presentation explores the technology of how magnets interact with reed switches producing a reed sensor. ...
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Reed Switch Basics Part I
Description: Presentation describing the basics of reed switches. ...
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Reed Switch Basics Part II
Description: Presentation describing the basics of reed switches. ...
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Reed Switch Basics Part III
Description: Presentation describing the basics of reed switches. ...
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Reed Switch Basics Part IV
Description: Presentation describing the basics of reed switches. ...
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Reed Switch Life Test Data
Description: The life of a reed switch can vary widely depending on the exact switching circumstances. Over the years, many improvements have been made to the reed switch, which have played a major role in ...
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Reed Switch Technology
Description: This presentation details Standex-Meder's reed switch technology. ...
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Reed Switch Test Coils
Description: All of our Reed Switches are 100 % tested in our Standard Test Coils and measured in ampere-turns (AT). Simply stated, we have coils wound in a specific coil form, with a given number of turns. We ...
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Reed Switch Used With A Permanent Magnet
Description: Using reed switches in a sensing environment, one generally uses a magnet for actuation. It is important to understand this interaction clearly for proper sensor functioning. Sensors may operate in a ...
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Reed Switches vs. Mechanical Switches
Description: Table comparing reed switches with mechanical switches. ...
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RF Reed Relays Part I
Description: This presentation details RF characteristics and why reed relays work well as RF switches. ...
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RF Reed Relays Part II
Description: This presentation discusses reed relays for RF use. ...
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Switching Low Offset Voltage Reed Relays
Description: This presentation discusses the design and test of reed relays. ...
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The Basic Reed Switch
Description: The reed switch was first invented by Bell Labs in the late 1930s. However, it was not until the 1940s when it began to find application widely as a sensor and a reed relay. Here it was used in an ...
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The Reed Switch Used as a Reed Relay
Description: In a reed relay, the reed switch uses an electromagnetic coil for activation and is shown in its simplest form in Figure # 1. Reed relays require relatively little power to operate and are generally ...
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SME Capabilities & Solutions - Medical Applications
Description: The need for innovative ways to diagnose and treat human illness drives the demand for better medical systems and equipment. These new medical instruments and systems require suppliers of electronic ...
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SME Capabilities & Solutions - Miniaturization of Reed Switch, Sensors & Planar Transformers
Description: Doing more with less is the mantra of our era. Nowhere is this more apparent than in the drive towards miniaturization in the next generation of electronic components and systems. The push for smaller ...
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SME Capabilities & Solutions - Planar Transformers & Inductors
Description: Planar transformers are steadily replacing the need for traditional wire-wound transformers in many industries. Electric vehicles, solar inverters, wind power, aviation, healthcare, and industrial ...
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SME Capabilities & Solutions - SMT Reed Sensors & Relays
Description: In modern printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing facilities surface mounting technology has become the dominant approach for component assemblies. Many of the new reed relays and reed sensors are ...
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SME Capabilities & Solutions - Test & Measurement
Description: Our team strives to be a true part of your design process, offering a wide variety of services to ensure the success of our global customer network. From tooling and reed switch modification to ...
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SME Capabilities & Solutions - Why SME Planar Transformers
Description: If I were to tell you that there was a way to reduce costs, electrical efficiency capabilities, and enhance electrical capacity through a product you needed - would you buy it? Of course you would! ...
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SME Capabilities & Solutions - Why SME Reed Relays & Sensors
Description: To meet the current electronic manufacturing trends surface mountable reed sensors and reed relays offer a long list of exceptional features when designed and packaged for surfacing mounting on ...
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SME Capabilities & Solutions - Why SME Reed Switches
Description: It's no secret: available in hundreds of sizes and shapes, crucial in dozens of industries, and equipped to survive billions of operations in even the most extreme environments, the Reed Switch can ...
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Understanding LDOs and Their Key Performance Parameters
Description: LDOs are one of the most commonly used devices for voltage regulation. However, many of their key performance parameters are not utilized to their full potential. While cost is a very important ...
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Application: Airline Video & Audio - Reed Relay
Description: Airliners around the world are bringing more services to the expanding number of flights occurring daily. The airlines compete with each other to convince, we the consumer, to fly on their airline. A ...
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Application: Airplane TVS - Reed Relay
Description: When test equipment is used to test discrete power semiconductors, the testers often require the application of high currents to properly test the semiconductor devices, such as, Transient Voltage ...
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Application: Alternative Energy - Reed Relays, Sensors, And Magnetics
Description: Standex-Meder Electronics, a leading manufacturer of precise, reliable, and longlasting sensors and magnetic components worldwide, provides a range of products for use in the Alternative Energy ...
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Application: Automated Test Equipment - Reed Relay
Description: When Test Equipment and Automatic Test Equipment (ATE) systems are used to test discrete semiconductors they often require a switching device that can carry high-pulsed currents that do not distort ...
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Application: E-car Isolation Measurement
Description: Hybrid and electric drivetrains in cars, trucks and two wheelers are introducing new, previously unknown challenges in the transportation industry. The 12V or 24V board net is now complemented with a ...
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Application: Electrosurgical Generators
Description: Approximately 95% of new, surgically equipped operating rooms use electronic scalpels. These electronic scalpels cut and instantly cauterize the area stopping any bleeding. This greatly helps doctors ...
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Application: Fast Oscilloscopes - Reed Relay
Description: Electronics based products play an indispensable role in our everyday world, even though we cannot see the waveforms and interaction within the product at the component level. However, in the typical ...
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Application: IC Testing - Reed Relay
Description: Humanity has changed dramatically as they carry out our daily endeavors, by the invention of the integrated circuit nearly 50 years ago. Whether we are checking the time on our wrist watch, making a ...
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Application: Instrumentation Grade Reed Relays
Description: Today's high tech electronic fields continue to prosper with innovative new products using finer and finer integrations that drive components smaller and smaller. Whether the electronic components are ...
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Application: Modular Instrumentation - Reed Relay
Description: Modular instrumentation has been around for the past 30 years, but continues to grow in popularity. The systems have become more functional with the ability to carry out multiple tasks in parallel. ...
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Application: Network Analyzers, RF - Reed Relay
Description: Network analyzers are widely used in the RF frequency realm, whether it is measuring the characteristics in the analog continuous wave high frequencies, or measuring the rise and fall times of fast ...
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Application: Planar Transformers for Military and Aerospace Applications
Description: Over the past decade or so, the use of planar transformers in military and aerospace applications has grown rapidly. Military and aerospace (Mil-Aero) applications typically require a lot of ...
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Application: Portable Defibrillators - Reed Relay
Description: Every year many thousands of peoples' lives are saved having been resuscitated with a defibrillator after their heart had stopped beating. Many times this happens in a hospital environment. However, ...
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Application: RF Attenuators - Reed Relay
Description: Test equipment capable of use in RF evaluations will generally require attenuation circuits to help them evaluate various aspects of RF components and RF circuitry. These attenuators need a switching ...
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Application: RF Receivers - Reed Relay
Description: With the continuous worldwide threat of terrorism, most countries need to be monitoring all electronic communication on a 24/7 basis. Most of this is done with electronic receivers scanning all the RF ...
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Application: Solar/Photovoltaic Isolation Monitoring
Description: If the solar panels would absorb the energy that the sun releases in two minutes, they could provide the entire population on earth with electricity for one year. This, of course is unrealistic, ...
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Application: Surgical Operating Rooms Eliminate Instruments Left Behind - Reed Relay
Description: Every year billions of dollars are paid out for malpractice suits against practicing medical doctors. Most of these suits involve medical procedures or operations where a problem occurs during ...
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Application: Switching Performance PCB's Used In IC's - Reed Relay
Description: Chip makers use new performance boards for every new chip they develop. Since most integrated circuit/chip makers generally have large factories devoted to the testing of their chips. Hundreds of ...
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Tadiran Industrial Grade LiSOCL2 Batteries: High Energy Cells that Age Gracefully
Description: Tadiran bobbin-type lithium thionyl chloride (LiSOCl2) batteries feature a very low self-discharge rate of just 0.7 percent per year, enabling these cells to operate for up to 40 years in extreme ...
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Automated Test Equipment -Reed Relays
Description: When test equipment and automatic test equipment (ATE) systems are used to test discrete semiconductors they often require a switching device that can carry high-pulsed currents that do not distort ...
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Photovoltaic Systems - Reed Relay
Description: A photovoltaic system has to have excellent isolation. Without proper isolation, currents will flow off into the ground, which will not only cause a loss of power, but may also be very dangerous. ...
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Reed Relays for Isolation measurement in E-Cars
Description: Hybrid and electric drivetrains in cars, trucks and two wheelers are introducing new, previously unknown challenges in the transportation industry. The 12V or 24V board net is now complemented with a ...
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Frequently Asked Questions About Bonded Magnet Materials
Description: NeoForm® material produces almost twice as much flux density as anisotropic ceramic magnets (grades 5 - 8), so substituting NeoForm® material is a fairly safe way to extract greater ...
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Frequently Asked Questions About Choosing Magnet Materials
Description: A hysteresis alloy's composition, orientation and heat treat are optimized to produce maximum hysteresis losses. Generally materials are engineered to reduce losses. Hysterloy is usually supplied in ...
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Frequently Asked Questions About LIFESEP® Biomagnetic Separation Units
Description: Two good printed resource materials are Advances in Biomagnetic Separation published by Eaton Publishing, ISBN 1881-299-0105 and Magnetic Separation Techniques Applied to Cellular and Molecular ...
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Frequently Asked Questions About Limits of Magnet Materials
Description: Indeed there are. There has been much work on alloys based on a compound of Sm-Fe-N [aka Samarium-Iron Nitrides]. Although these materials do not as yet have the kinds of energy products that we are ...
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Frequently Asked Questions About Magnet Coatings and Plating
Description: Nd-Fe-B magnets have improved dramatically over the last 10 years. But they still contain iron and other reactive phases, and will rust. Nd-Fe-B is a blended powder before it is pressed into a magnet. ...
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Frequently Asked Questions About Magnet Processing and Manufacturing
Description: As a general rule, cast or sintered magnet materials are very hard (RC46). This is 46 on the Rockwell "C" scale, which is harder than commercially available drills and taps, so tools will heat up and ...
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Frequently Asked Questions About Magnetic Theory and Design
Description: What's the difference between the intrinsic curve and the normal curve? I understand that we generally use normal curve when designing the magnets, so when is the intrinsic curve used? The intrinsic ...
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Frequently Asked Questions About Magnetization and Demagnetization
Description: Magnetic flux lines can not cross each other, so magnets in repulsion develop radial vectors whose intensity increases as the magnets approach each other. To the extent that the amplitude of the ...
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Frequently Asked Questions About Pole Pieces
Description: Magnetic flux will travel along the path that offers it the least amount of resistance, (or, more accurately, the least amount of reluctance). Steel components in a magnetic circuit offer the flux a ...
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Frequently Asked Questions About Rules and Quick Calculations
Description: Magnet strength needs to be defined. Magnet strength actually is a measure of total flux in the area of interest. If greater holding strength is desired, then more Br is needed, and since holding ...
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Frequently Asked Questions About Soft Magnet Materials
Description: The Curie temperature refers to the transition temperature above which ferromagnetic materials lose their useful magnetic properties. Ferrite materials are actually ferromagnetic materials [a similar ...
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Frequently Asked Questions About Temperature Effects on Magnets
Description: All magnetic materials are at all times as fully magnetized as their thermal state permits. Prior to "magnetization" their magnetic domains arrange randomly to minimize their internal (and external) ...
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Frequently Asked Questions on Magnetic Couplings and Their Design
Description: Eddy current devices have a straight-line torque-speed characteristic, with the torque increasing linearly with the speed by virtue of the fact that the induced currents vary in magnitude with the ...
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Biosafety Cabinet HEPA Filter Replacements: Reducing Costs
From: BakerDescription: When selecting which biosafety cabinet is right for you, price is almost always a top consideration. While sticker price seems like the most pertinent cost data, you need to consider the total cost of ...
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6 Ways Active Enclosure Cooling Will Protect Your Investment
From: Thermal Edge, Inc.Description: Electrical components, such as variable frequency drives, PLCs, contactors, and switches, as well as the equipment and machinery they control, represent a large upfront investment in almost any ...
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How an Enclosure Air Conditioner Can Prevent Unwanted Failures
From: Thermal Edge, Inc.Description: Electrical equipment such as VFDs, contactors, and PLCs generate heat through power losses. This same equipment can lose efficiency, operate erratically, or even fail prematurely due to excess ...