Dictionary of Water and Waste Management, Second Edition

SBAF scum, skimmings

SBAF

Submerged biological aerated filter. See biological aerated filter.

SBC

Submerged biological contactor.

SBR

Sequencing batch reactor or suspended biomass reactor.

scale, fur

The whitish crust formed inside kettles or hot water systems when the carbonate hardness of water is deposited by boiling. It is mainly calcium carbonate, CaCO 3.

scales

A term for a weighbridge.

scalping

(1) The stripping of ground vegetation and the soil containing the root mat. (2) The removal of a specific size of material (typically the smallest or largest) before that material goes to a crushing or other type of processing plant.

scavenging

In air, the removal of air pollution from the atmosphere by uptake in precipitation. For solid waste, totting. For water pollution, the removal of a pollutant (e.g. oil) by adding a material (e.g. oil absorbing material) to soak up and remove the pollutant.

scentometer

A device that can be used for measuring the intensity of odour. Air that is purified by passing through activated carbon is mixed with air that has not been purified. It measures the ratio of the size of the malodorous air inlet to the purified air inlet at which the odour can still be identified.

SCF extraction

Supercritical fluids extraction.

schistosome, Schistosoma

The trematodes that cause schistosomiasis namely Schistosoma mansoni, S. japonicum and S. haematobium.

schistosome dermatitis, swimmer s itch

A skin trouble acquired by humans from the larvae of schistosomes that affect rats,...

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