Principles of Planar Near-Field Antenna Measurements

Appendix C: An Overview of Coordinate Systems

Within this text reference is made to a great many coordinate systems and the transformations between them. Implicit within this is the assumption that the tabulating grids are plaid, monotonic and equally spaced. Whilst not necessary from a theoretical stand point these conditions greatly simplify the recording process for a robotic positioner as well as simplifying the tasks of numerical integration, differentiation and interpolation. The following section presents a concise description of the most important coordinate systems and then goes on to discuss methods for representing the relationships between them.

C.1 Antenna Mechanical System (AMS)

The AMS coordinate axes form a right-handed set nominally orientated coincident and synonymous with the range fixed system (RFS) axes. Thus, looking in the + Z AMS direction, they are orientated as follows: + X AMS axis is horizontal and increases towards the left, + Y AMS axis is vertical and increases upwards. This system is used for plotting the far-field patterns.

C.2 Antenna Electrical System (AES)

The AES coordinate axes form a right-handed set nominally orientated coincident and synonymous with the AMS axes as follows: + X AES parallel to + X AMS, + Y AES parallel to + 1ams, + Z AMS parallel to + Z APS. Thus, looking in the + Z AES direction, the nominal orientation is: + X AES axis: horizontally orientated and increases towards the left, + Y AES axis is vertical and increases upwards and + Z

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