Fundamentals of Electromagnetic Fields

? adx= ax
? a f(x)dx=a ? f(x)dx
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?( u+ v) dx= ? udx+ ? vdx, where u and v are any functions of x
? udv= u ? dv ?? vdu= uv ? ? vdu
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, except n= ?1
, (df(x) =f ?(x)dx)
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, (df(x) =f ?(x)dx)
? e x dx= e x
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, ( b>0)
? log xdx=x log x ?x
?a x log a dx=a x, ( a>0)
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FORMS CONTAINING (a+bx)
For forms containing a+bx, but not listed in the table, the substitution
may prove helpful.
, ( n ??1)
, ( n ??1, ?2)

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, n ?1, 2.
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, n ?1, 2, 3
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FORMS CONTAINING c 2 x 2, x 2 ? c 2
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, ( c 2> x 2)
, ( x 2> c 2)
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FORMS CONTAINING a+ bx and c+ dx, u= a+ bx, v= c+ dx, k= ad ?bc
If k=0, then
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FORMS CONTAINING ( a+ bx n)
, ( ab>0)

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FORMS CONTAINING c 3 x 3
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FORMS CONTAINING c 4 x 4
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FORMS CONTAINING ( a+ bx+ cx 2) X= a+ bx+ cx 2 and q