Marks' Standard Handbook for Mechanical Engineering

by Antonio F. Baldo
REFERENCES: "Abrasives: Their History and Development," The Norton Co. Searle, "Manufacture and Use of Abrasive Materials," Pitman. Heywood, "Grinding Wheels and Their Uses," Penton. "Boron Carbide," The Norton Co. "Abrasive Materials," annual review in "Minerals Yearbook," U.S. Bureau of Mines. "Abrasive Engineering," Hitchcock Publishing Co. Coated Abrasives Manufacturer's Institute, "Coated Abrasives-Modern Tool of Industry," McGraw-Hill. Wick, Abrasives; Where They Stand Today, Manufacturing Engineering and Management, 69, no. 4, Oct. 1972. Burls, "Diamond Grinding; Recent Research and Development," Mills and Boon, Ltd., London. Coes, Jr., "Abrasives," Springer-Verlag, New York. Proceedings of the American Society for Abrasives Methods. 1971, ANSI B74.1 to B74.3 1977 to 1993. Washington Mills Abrasive Co., Technical Data, Mechanical Engineering, Mar. 1984. "Modern Abrasive Recipes," Cutting Tool Engineering, April 1994. "Diamond Wheels Fashion Carbide Tools," Cutting Tool Engineering, August 1994. Synthetic Gemstones, Compressed Air Magazine, June 1993. Krar and Ratterman, "Superabrasives," McGraw-Hill.
Manufactured abrasives dominate the scene for commercial and industrial use, because of the greater control over their chemical composition and crystal structure, and their greater uniformity in size, hardness, and cutting qualities, as compared with natural abrasives. Technical advances have resulted in abrasive "machining tools" that are economically competitive with many traditional machining methods, and in some cases replace and surpass them in terms of productivity. Fused electrominerals such as silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, alumina zirconia, alumina chromium oxide, and alumina titania zirconia are the most popular conventional manufactured...