Mechanical Engineering License Review, Fifth Edition

Chapter 13: Pumps and Pumping Text, Questions and Answers

13-1 Classification of Pumps.

Classified by use, pumps are called: low service, high service, deep well, booster, sewage, sludge, boiler feed, chemical, proportional feeders, air blowers, etc.

Low-service pumps operate at low discharge heads to lift water from sources of supply to water-treatment works. High-service pumps operate at high discharge heads to deliver water to distribution systems. Proportional feeders are used for dosage of solutions of chemicals or liquid chemicals.

The standard classification of pumps may be divided into four general classes with a section devoted to each class. This is shown in Fig. 13-1.


Figure 13-1

Q13-1

Name the type of pump best suited for the various services listed below:

  1. Storm drainage large capacity low head

  2. Sanitary sewage small capacity low head

  3. Water supply small capacity high head suction lift

  4. Sewage sludge at 150 gpm and 75 ft head

  5. Deep well pump 500 gpm and 200 ft head

Describe each type and preferred method of installation.

Answers

Q13-1

  1. Mixed-flow or axial-flow pump recommended. These are screw pumps with propellor revolving in a straight cylindrical section. This pump should be installed so that head is maintained as stable as possible because of tendency to increase discharge with decrease in head.

  2. Automatically operated plunger or diaphragm-type pumps are best suited for this service because of small space requirements. Such pumps are to be kept "flooded" at all times.

  3. A volute type of centrifugal pump or a piston or gear pump is recommended for this service. Care should be taken so that NPSH is properly compensated for in suction lift considerations.

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