FLUID DYNAMICS

Nature of Fluids

6-4

Deformation and Stress

6-4

Viscosity

6-4

Rheology

6-4

Kinematics of Fluid Flow

6-5

Velocity

6-5

Compressible and Incompressible Flow

6-5

Streamlines, Pathlines, and Streaklines

6-5

One-dimensional Flow

6-5

Rate of Deformation Tensor

6-5

Vorticity

6-5

Laminar and Turbulent Flow, Reynolds Number

6-6

Conservation Equations

6-6

Macroscopic and Microscopic Balances

6-6

Macroscopic Equations

6-6

Mass Balance

6-6

Momentum Balance

6-6

Total Energy Balance

6-7

Mechanical Energy Balance, Bernoulli Equation

6-7

Microscopic Balance Equations

6-7

Mass Balance, Continuity Equation

6-7

Stress Tensor

6-7

Cauchy Momentum and Navier-Stokes Equations

6-8

Examples

6-8

Example 1: Force Exerted on a Reducing Bend

6-8

Example 2: Simplified Ejector

6-9

Example 3: Venturi Flowmeter

6-9

Example 4: Plane Poiseuille Flow

6-9

Incompressible Flow in Pipes and Channels

6-9

Mechanical Energy Balance

6-9

Friction Factor and Reynolds Number

6-10

Laminar and Turbulent Flow

6-10

Velocity Profiles

6-11

Entrance and Exit Effects

6-11

Residence Time Distribution

6-11

Noncircular Channels

6-12

Nonisothermal Flow

6-12

Open Channel Flow

6-13

Non-Newtonian Flow

6-13

Economic Pipe Diameter, Turbulent Flow

6-14

Economic Pipe Diameter, Laminar Flow

6-15

Vacuum Flow

6-15

Molecular...