Welding Processes Handbook
This explanatory guide to the commercially significant and commonly-used welding processes covers the design of welded joints, quality assurance and costing, and can be applied to all instruction levels.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Welding Processes Handbook
Chapter 14: The Weldability of Steel
The following section briefly describes the metallurgical aspects/processes and the suitability of various steels for thermal welding. Weldability means that the welding process is intended to produce as homogenous properties as possible in the weld, i.e. that the materials affected by the weld must have at least the same strength, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance etc. as the base material. The properties of the weld metal are determined largely by the choice of filler material, the type of base material, the welding method and the welding methodology, while the properties of the HAZ are determined primarily by the composition of the base material and the amount of thermal energy delivered during welding.
Figure 14.1 shows the names of the various parts of the materials affected by the weld.
Figure 14.1: Nomenclature of zones and boundaries in heat affected zone.
14.1 Carbon Steels
As used here, the term 'carbon steels' refers to plain carbon steel, carbon-manganese steel and micro-alloyed steel. Plain carbon steels are characterised by the alloying with up to 0.20 0.25 % of carbon as the strength-determining element. Carbon-manganese steels contain, in addition, up to about 1.5 % of manganese, with a maximum carbon content of 0.25 %. Examples of such steels include SS 13 12 and SS 14 12 structural steels and SS 13 30 and SS 14 30 pressure vessels steels.
Microalloyed steel consists of a plain carbon steel or a carbon-manganese steel as the basic material, to which a small quantity (0.001-0.1 %) of one or more alloying...
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