Last revised: January 22, 2025

Distance meters are measuring tools that are used to measure the distance between two locations or objects. Distance meters are available in both imperial/English and metric displays.

Types of Measuring Tools

There are many types of tools that can be used to measure a distance. Distance meters are known for their high accuracy rate in recording measurement results. These tools are commonly used to determine dimensions, square footage, or the volume of a space, which makes them particularly useful for industrial applications relating to construction applications such as carpentry, masonry, and by locksmiths. In addition to construction fields, distance meters are also commonly used for position testing, coil weight testing, and more. 

• Laser and ultrasonic distance meters use an invisible laser beam that is aimed at an object. The laser light bounces off the surface, allowing the range finder to see the reflection and time how long the light takes to return.
• Range finders measure distances between an observer and an object to determine physical distance or the focusing length of a camera.
• Odometers measures distance traveled by a moving vehicle, and are a standard in commercial automobiles.
• Measuring wheels allow for measurement while a user is walking. Wheels may be mechanical or electronic, and are available in all measurement units and standards. 
• Measuring tapes are one of the most widely known and used types of measuring tools. Most types have a steel blade that extends to a certain length, which varies. This type of measuring tool is useful for those who take short measurements on a consistent basis. Newer measuring tapes may include conversion data on the backside, flashlights, LED readouts, and calculators. 
• Pedometers count each step a person takes by detecting the motion of a person’s hips.

Selection Considerations

Measuring tools should be selected based on the type and scale of measurements being performed as well as the technology used to measure and the reading method. For convenience and necessity, many industrial applications require laser or other technical measuring methods with digital displays.

Standards

ISO 16331-1 — Performance of handheld laser distance meters

GOST 19223 — Electro-optical range finder specifications

SAE J862 — Factors affecting accuracy of mechanically driven automotive speedometer-odometers

Distance Meters FAQs

What are the key differences between laser distance meters and ultrasonic distance meters in terms of accuracy and application?

Here are the key differences between laser distance meters and ultrasonic distance meters in terms of accuracy and application:

Accuracy

Laser Distance Meters

Laser distance meters are known for their high accuracy. They use laser beams to measure distances, which allows for precise measurements even over long distances. The accuracy can be affected by factors such as surface reflectivity and environmental conditions, but generally, they provide very reliable results. For example, laser-level measurement sensors can achieve an accuracy of +/- 1 inch.

Ultrasonic Distance Meters

Ultrasonic distance meters use sound waves to measure distances. They are generally less accurate than laser distance meters because the speed of sound can be affected by environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. However, they are still reliable for many applications, especially where high precision is not critical.

Applications

Laser Distance Meters

These are ideal for applications requiring high precision and where the surface of the target is suitable for laser reflection. They are used in various fields, including construction, surveying, and industrial automation. They can measure in tight spaces and are unaffected by certain environmental factors like dust.

Ultrasonic Distance Meters

Ultrasonic meters are often used in applications where non-contact measurement is required, such as monitoring the level of liquids or solids in tanks. They are suitable for environments where the target surface might not reflect a laser beam well, such as in caustic or dusty environments.

These differences highlight the suitability of each type of distance meter for specific tasks based on the required accuracy and the environmental conditions of the application.

What are the applications of laser distance meters?

Laser distance meters are versatile tools used in various applications due to their high accuracy and precision. Here are some of the key applications:

Applications of Laser Distance Meters

Construction and Surveying

Laser distance meters are widely used in construction and surveying for precise measurements of distances, heights, and lengths. They help in creating accurate layouts and ensuring that structures are built according to design specifications.

Industrial Automation

In industrial settings, laser distance meters are used for automation processes that require precise distance measurements. They are ideal for applications where high precision is necessary, such as in the alignment of machinery or quality control processes.

Inventory Monitoring

Laser-level measurement sensors are used in silo inventory monitoring systems. They transmit a laser beam to the material surface and use a time-of-flight calculation to measure the distance. This application is particularly useful in environments with low dust and where precise targeting is required to avoid structures inside vessels.

Interior Design and Architecture

These meters are used by architects and interior designers to measure room dimensions accurately, aiding in the planning and design of spaces.

Real Estate

Real estate professionals use laser distance meters to quickly and accurately measure properties, which helps in creating floor plans and assessing property dimensions.

DIY and Home Improvement

For home improvement projects, laser distance meters provide an easy and accurate way to measure distances for tasks such as installing furniture, hanging pictures, or laying out flooring.

These applications highlight the versatility and precision of laser distance meters, making them an essential tool in various fields where accurate distance measurement is crucial.

What is the working principle of laser distance meters?

Working Principle of Laser Distance Meters

Laser distance meters operate based on the principle of time-of-flight (TOF) measurement, which involves the following steps:

Emission of Laser Beam

The device emits a laser beam towards the target object. This laser light is typically in the visible or near-infrared range.

Reflection of Laser Beam

The laser beam hits the target surface and is reflected back towards the sensor. The surface properties of the target can affect the reflection, with diffuse reflection being common for most surfaces.

Time-of-Flight Calculation

The sensor measures the time it takes for the laser beam to travel to the target and back. This time interval is used to calculate the distance to the target based on the speed of light.

Triangulation (Optional)

Some laser distance meters use triangulation for enhanced precision. This involves projecting the reflected laser light onto a position-sensitive receiver, such as a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) array. The position of the reflected light changes as the object moves, allowing for precise displacement measurements.

Digital Analysis

The data collected from the time-of-flight or triangulation process is digitally analyzed by an onboard controller, which computes the exact distance to the target.

This method allows laser distance meters to achieve high accuracy and precision, making them suitable for various applications such as construction, industrial automation, and inventory monitoring.

What are the limitations of using laser distance meters?

Limitations of Using Laser Distance Meters

Laser distance meters are highly accurate and versatile tools, but they do have some limitations that should be considered:

Surface Reflectivity

The accuracy of laser distance meters can be affected by the reflectivity of the target surface. Highly reflective or shiny surfaces may cause measurement errors due to direct reflection, while very dark or absorbent surfaces might not reflect enough laser light for accurate measurement.

Environmental Conditions

Environmental factors such as dust, fog, or rain can interfere with the laser beam, potentially affecting the accuracy of the measurements. While some laser meters are designed to work in low dust environments, heavy dust or other particulates can still pose challenges.

Range Limitations

The maximum range of laser distance meters can be limited, especially in environments with poor visibility or when measuring over very long distances. The range can also be affected by the type of material being measured, as some materials may not reflect the laser beam effectively.

Target Alignment

Precise alignment with the target is necessary for accurate measurements. Misalignment can lead to errors, especially in applications requiring high precision.

Cost

Laser distance meters can be more expensive than other types of distance measuring tools, such as ultrasonic meters, which might be a consideration for budget-conscious projects.

These limitations highlight the importance of selecting the appropriate type of distance meter based on the specific requirements and conditions of the application.

What are the advantages of using laser distance meters over other types of distance meters?

Advantages of Using Laser Distance Meters

Laser distance meters offer several advantages over other types of distance meters, such as ultrasonic meters, due to their precision, versatility, and specific features. Here are some of the key advantages:

High Accuracy and Precision

Laser distance meters are known for their high accuracy, often achieving precision within a fraction of an inch. This makes them ideal for applications requiring exact measurements, such as construction and industrial automation.

Non-Contact Measurement

The non-contact nature of laser distance meters allows for wear-free measurements, as the sensors do not physically touch the target. This is particularly beneficial in environments where contact could damage the sensor or the target.

Versatility in Applications

These meters are suitable for a wide range of applications, including construction, surveying, industrial automation, and inventory monitoring. They can measure distances in tight spaces and are unaffected by certain environmental factors like dust.

Ability to Measure in Constrained Spaces

Laser distance meters can measure in very narrow vessels or constrained spaces due to their tight beam with no divergence. This makes them suitable for applications where space is limited.

Adaptability to Different Surfaces

They can be precisely targeted to avoid structures inside vessels and are unaffected by corrugated bin walls, making them adaptable to various surface conditions.

Fast Measurement Capabilities

The laser triangulation principle allows for very fast measurements with high accuracy and resolution, which is beneficial in dynamic environments where quick data acquisition is necessary.

These advantages highlight why laser distance meters are often preferred in scenarios where precision, speed, and adaptability are crucial.

What are the environmental factors affecting laser distance meters?

Environmental Factors Affecting Laser Distance Meters

Laser distance meters are precise tools, but their performance can be influenced by various environmental factors. Here are some key factors to consider:

Surface Reflectivity

The reflectivity of the target surface can significantly impact the accuracy of laser distance meters. Highly reflective surfaces may cause measurement errors due to direct reflection, while very dark or absorbent surfaces might not reflect enough laser light for accurate measurement.

Dust and Particulates

Dust and other particulates in the air can interfere with the laser beam, potentially affecting the accuracy of the measurements. While some laser meters are designed to work in low dust environments, heavy dust can still pose challenges.

Weather Conditions

Environmental conditions such as fog, rain, or snow can scatter the laser beam, leading to inaccuracies. These conditions can reduce the effective range of the laser distance meter and affect the reliability of the measurements.

Temperature Variations

Extreme temperatures can affect the performance of laser distance meters. Temperature changes can influence the speed of light slightly, which in turn can affect the time-of-flight calculations used by the device.

Alignment and Stability

Proper alignment with the target is crucial for accurate measurements. Environmental factors that cause movement or instability, such as wind or vibrations, can lead to misalignment and measurement errors.

These factors highlight the importance of considering the specific environmental conditions when selecting and using laser distance meters to ensure accurate and reliable measurements.

Distance Meters Media Gallery

References

Electronics360—Selecting the right tool for laser triangulation

GlobalSpec—White Paper: Laser Sensors in Comparison — Which Technology is Best Suited for Which Application

Image credits:

Wright Tool | CorDEX Instruments Inc.