Control Theory, Second Edition

Notation

The notation conforms to 'standard usage' - there are no novel notations. However, the following list, in which symbols are defined with respect to the first chapter in which they appear, may be found useful.

Chapter

Symbol

Meaning

3

G

Operator representing a system to be controlled

D

Operator representing a controller

H

Operator representing the behaviour of a composite system

v

The desired value for y

y

The measured value of system output

e

The error between v and y

4

L{ }

The operation of Laplace transforming

L -1{ }

The operation of inverse Laplace transforming

s

The complex variable associated with the Laplace transform

F{ }

Fourier transformation

*

Convolution

R u,y

The correlation function between u and y

? (zeta)

Damping factor

?

Frequency

? n

Undamped natural frequency

? d

Damped frequency

? r

Resonant frequency

R( P)

Real part of P

I( P)

Imaginary part of P

? (sigma)

The real part of a complex number - often used to label the real axis while j ? is used to label the imaginary axis

5

6

n dimensional real space

x( k)

The value of x after k sampling intervals has elapsed

7

?, ?

Inner product

x

The norm of the vector x

?

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