Chemical Engineering License Review, Second Edition
This text contains 146 problems with detailed step-by-step solutions, and is an ideal study guide and the first truly practical, no-nonsense review for the difficult PE Exam.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Chemical Engineering License Review, Second Edition
Chapter 17: Biochemical Engineering
In last several years, principles and techniques of chemical engineering and biochemistry have been applied in the design, operation, and analysis of processes for the production of a variety of materials such as antibiotics and industrial organic chemicals using living microorganisms as catalysts. This has given rise to a special field known as biochemical engineering. It involves the application of the principles of biochemistry, cell biology, and chemical engineering for successful design of biochemical process plants. This chapter covers some basic aspects of biochemical engineering. More details can be found in the references [1], [2], [3] provided at the end of this chapter.
Microbiology and Structure of Cells
Microbiology is the study of living organisms which cannot be seen by a naked eye. Generally most microorganisms have a diameter of 1 ?m or less and yet have their own most sophisticated mechanisms including information and control systems. The cell theory first proposed by Schleiden and Schwann states that all living systems consist of cells and their products. The various types of cells are classified into two groups based on their cellular structures: procaryotes and eucaryotes.
Procaryotes These are single-cell organisms and do not contain a nucleus enclosed within a membrane. Their shapes may be spherical, rod-like or spiral. Their dimensions may range from 0.5 to 3 ?m. Individual cell structure is as follows: The cell is surrounded by a rigid wall which gives it its structural strength. Inside this wall is the thinner cell...
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