Sensors, Transducers and Detectors Reference Materials
Technical Articles
Reference Articles 1601 - 1700 of 3093
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Greenhouse Climate Control Using Wireless Data Loggers
From: CAS DataLoggersDescription: See how the TandD wireless data loggers automate data collection of a greenhouse climate control system to improve product quality and increase profits. ...
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Hall-effect Transducers Ensure Correct Axle Width to Match Crop Row Spacing
From: Rota Engineering LimitedDescription: To reduce this time, modern equipment manufacturers began to use hydraulic cylinders to move the wheel in and out. Here, mechanical markers would indicate wheel position. As these machines became more ...
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The Perfect Biogas Flow Measurement Solution
From: Sierra Instruments, Inc.Description: So why is it so popular? In a word, economy. This otherwise wasted biogas can be used for heating, electricity, or to fuel internal combustion enginesâ€"the possibilities are endless! This, of course, ...
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Bridge Monitoring Based on a Network of High Performance Triaxial MEMS Accelerometers
From: MonoDAQDescription: An efficient MEMS transducer network has been developed specifically to check the structural health of bridges starting from the acceleration measurement to monitor the frequency and speed variations. ...
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Column Switching Simplification in Process Gas Chromatography
Description: On-line process gas chromatography column switching is utilized to ensure the interference free analytical separation of specific process relevant components in multi component mixtures. Column ...
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Insitu Analysis of Ammonia Slip and Water Vapor Using a Tunable Diode Laser for SCR/SNCR Optimization and Boiler Tube Surveillance in Power Plants
Description: Environmental regulations driven by the 1990 Clear Air Act require Power Plants to reduce NOx emissions. SCR's and SNCR's reduce NOx emission by injecting ammonia into the combustion flue gas, which ...
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Cold Chain Monitoring Solution for Fruit & Vegetable Transport
From: CAS DataLoggersDescription: SwiTrace data loggers provide proof of product quality making them an essential cold chain monitoring solution for fruit and vegetable transport. ...
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Vibration Monitoring System for Hydro Turbines
From: CAS DataLoggersDescription: Delphin Technology assists as a vibration monitoring system for hydro turbines to diagnose faults and increase safety conditions. ...
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A Geothermal Energy Generation Facility Embraces Infrared Polymer Window Inspections
From: IRISS, Inc.Description: A prominent geothermal energy producer in the Philippines has become a leader through the successful development and operation of numerous energy projects. Since 1983, the company has successfully ...
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Advantages of Linear Encoders Over Rotary Encoders
From: Hymark/Kentucky GaugeDescription: In a large number of applications linear encoders with magnetic sensing technology can be an excellent replacement for rotary encoders. Thanks to their mechanical and electrical features, they offer ...
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Make Your Own Weathering Monitoring System Using a DataTaker DT80M
From: CAS DataLoggersDescription: CAS DataLoggers show you how to put together your own weather station using a dataTaker DT80M modem universal input data logger. ...
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Field Installation of Thermocouple & RTD Temperature Sensor Assemblies
From: Conax TechnologiesDescription: Although temperature sensor buyers usually pay close attention to choosing the right device for the job, they are often less deligent when it comes to installation details. The very best sensor can ...
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What You Don't Know About Air/Gas Flow Measurement Can Be Very Expensive
Description: The measurement of air and gases in chemical plants is essential in many functional applications, including safety, process control, product quality, production efficiency, environmental compliance ...
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Continuously Monitoring a Radon Mitigation System
From: CAS DataLoggersDescription: CAS DataLoggers is here to show you how the ADU-500 offers a cost-effective, wireless solution for continuous monitoring of a radon mitigation system that will reduce harmful radon gas. ...
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A More Effective Approach to Oxygen Sensing
From: SST Sensing Ltd.Description: There are a plethora of different applications where the level of oxygen in a given environment needs to be determined - covering everything from the industrial, automotive, logistics/transportation ...
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Gas Flow Measurement in Large Lines, Ducts, and Stacks for Environmental Monitoring and Control
Description: Air pollution emissions monitoring and control begins with accurate and reliable gas flow metering. There's an old industry truism that says "You can't control what you can't measure," and that ...
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New Model Concept Workstation Oxygen Test Report
From: BakerDescription: The Concept Series Workstations have been recently remodelled. This report details the oxygen concentration throughout the work area within the workstation in anaerobic mode to ensure proper ...
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New Model Workstation Temperature Mapping Performance Report
From: BakerDescription: The Invivo2 / Concept / Concept-M Series Workstations have been recently remodelled. This report details the temperature uniformity throughout the work area within the workstation to ensure proper ...
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CVLD Interface: Constant Voltage Line Driver Technology
Description: There are many different types of electrical schemas used to couple sensors to electronic readouts but most of them typically use changes in voltage proportional to the various physical phenomena ...
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Flow Energy Management Part 3: Three Successful Flow Energy Management Case Studies
From: Sierra Instruments, Inc.Description: As we've discovered in Part 1 and Part 2 of this Flow Energy Management series, determining the best flow meter technology for flow energy management of gas, liquid and steam applications depends on ...
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How a Vortex Flow Meter Works
From: Sierra Instruments, Inc.Description: Vortex flow meters are increasingly becoming the flow technology of choice for gas, liquid, and steam flow measurement. Vortex flow meters are ideal for measuring saturated and supersaturated steam in ...
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Video: Select The Right Mass Flow Controller For Your Application
From: Sierra Instruments, Inc.Description: Video: https://youtu.be/3naKb4-o6sk Which mass flow controller will work best for my application? Many times, we have had university professors and students contact us in tech support about which ...
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Watlow SCR Power Controllers and Ohio Semitronics Watt Transducers
From: Ohio Semitronics, Inc.Description: The Ohio Semitronics PC5 category of transducers measures True Power (Watts) in an AC single-phase or three-phase power system and provides an isolated DC analog output that is proportional to the ...
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Integrated level solutions for the future
Description: As a market leader in level measurement solutions with the largest selection of agency approved level products, the ABB K-TEK level products line has the proven technology to provide solutions for the ...
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Use of Wireless Sensors in Heat Trace Installations
From: ChromaloxDescription: Adoption of industrial sensor networks (IWSNs) reduces installation costs, solves complications with hard-to-reach sensing locations and expedites implementation of advanced diagnostics. It is a ...
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Thermistor Calibration for High Accuracy Measurements
From: CAS DataLoggersDescription: Learn how Thermistor calibration can ensure high accuracy temperature measurements by easily using the Steinhart-Hart equation to calculate temperature. ...
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How Integrated Thermal Protection Technology can Prevent Solid State Relay Failure in Industrial Systems
From: Sensata TechnologiesDescription: Solid state relays provide robust solutions for electronic switching in load control applications and hold many advantages over electromechanical relays. New, emerging solid state relay designs offer ...
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How Sensors are Moving Material Handling Towards Safe Automation
From: Sensata TechnologiesDescription: Next Generation Sensing Technologies put the SMART in Robot AGVs Automated and integrated systems are proving to be more efficient and cost-effective solutions in industries like Material Handling. ...
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Miniature IEPE Triaxial Piezoelectric Accelerometer for Space Applications
Description: There is a growing need for space-rated, high performance accelerometers with small physical dimensions, light weight, and low outgassing characteristics that has been unmet by the vibration sensor ...
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100+ Highly Accurate Pyrometers For Non-Contact Temperature Measurement
Description: The importance of accurate temperature measurement for industrial processes. - LumaSense Technologies owns Expert knowledge to achieve it. ...
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Accurate temperature control for moulds
Description: Erhard Niessner discusses process control and monitoring of glass forming temperature by means of ratio pyrometers. ...
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High Precision in Robotics Applications
From: Micro-Epsilon GroupDescription: Robot technology has been booming for years now and the market is growing enormously. Modern industries all over the world are increasingly relying on more intelligent robots that operate at high ...
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Learning about the pyrometer
Description: Temperature measurement is critical when monitoring and optimizing process intensive applications, such as those found in the steel and glass industries. Careful monitoring of product temperatures and ...
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Types Of Gas Chromatograph
Description: Gas chromatograph is a commonly used chromatographic product. In addition to quantitative and qualitative analysis, it can also determine the physical and chemical constants such as the partition ...
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Temperature Measurements in Metal Reheat Furnaces
From: LANDDescription: Reheat furnaces bring cold metal to the correct temperature for rolling, extruding or forging. For optimum quality, and to reduce wastage, the temperature should be uniform throughout the product, ...
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Autonomous Vehicle Sensor Technology
Description: TECAT's WISER systems used to design mechanical systems and electronic controls in an optimized fashion for driver effectiveness and passenger comfort. As vehicles become more autonomous these same ...
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61) Using Oxygen Analyzers As a Predictive Maintenance Tool for Air Heaters
Description: The probe-type In Situ oxygen analyzer has become an indispensable tool for monitoring combustion process efficiency. ...
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Achieve Accurate, Repeatable, and Reliable Gas Measurement Analysis
Description: The XA Series of gas chromatographs share a common electronics platform that reduces complexity and training needs, while providing a range of measurement options to suit the individual application. ...
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Achieve Unmatched Sensitivity and Real-time Measurement Performance of Your Hydrogen and Nitrogen Impurities with Quantum Cascade Laser Analyzers
Description: Assuring hydrogen and nitrogen gas purity is critical across multiple processing industries and applications. For several key processes, the purity of the gas must be precisely monitored and ...
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Akzonobel Improves Storage Tank Heating Control and Gas Vent Monitoring Using Smart wireless Technology
Description: Existing manual measurement and control methods were unsatisfactory for maintaining the temperature of fatty nitriles and amines in the 40 tanks where they were stored before shipment to customers. ...
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Analysis of Pipeline Quality Using a C6+ with Trace H2S Application
Description: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a component that is often present in natural gas. There are many reasons for wanting to measure it. One of the most important reasons is that H2S is a highly toxic gas that ...
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Atlas Pipeline Improves Production Efficiency at Natural Gas Processing Facility
Description: Atlas Pipeline Partners L.P. is a full service midstream company providing reliable gas gathering, compression, processing and treating services to its customers. ...
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Avoiding Amine Foaming Issues Using a GC
Description: Amine systems are widely used to remove CO2 and H2S from rich gas streams in natural gas processing. When foaming occurs in the amine system, the efficiency of the acid gas extraction dramatically ...
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BTU Analysis Using a GC
Description: This paper describes the basics of how a BTU analyzer works. In a typical natural gas application the gas is separated into eleven different components. Hexanes and heavier components such as heptane, ...
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Bulk and Specialty Gas Purity Measurements in Gas Bottling Plants
Description: Industrial gas bottling and blending plants require accurate gas concentration monitoring of bulk and specialty gas products to ensure purity requirements for a variety of end users. Emerson offers ...
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CEMS for Cogeneration Facilities
Description: Cogeneration facilities produce electrical energy as a by-product of their steam production. The steam is produced either for heat or as a requirement of a manufacturing process. ...
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CEMS System Capabilities for the Hydrocarbon Processing Industry
Description: Emerson provides Rosemount Analytical gas analyzer technology for on-line analysis of ammonia plant streams. Strategically placed gas analyzers improve the process efficiency and the purity of the end ...
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CEMS Systems Capabilities for the Hydrocarbon Processing Industry
Description: The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) has many potential sources of combustion gas emissions. These include process heaters, fluid catalytic crackers (FCC), power boilers and sulfur recovery units ...
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Certificate Testing for CEMS
Description: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency requires that a continuous emissions monitoring system must perform according to the performance specifications contained in Title 40 of the Code of Federal ...
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Certificate Testing Vs. Compliance Testing
Description: Typically, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency requires two types of tests; a certification test and a compliance test, for facilities which must monitor stack emissions. The certification and ...
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Chemical Concentration Control
Description: Numerous industrial applications require solutions of a specific chemical strength. Such specific concentrations are achieved by mixing a full strength solution with water in the desired proportions. ...
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Coagulation and Flocculation
Description: Water is clarified using the processes of coagulation and flocculation, which remove suspended solids (turbidity) from water by causing the suspended particles to aggregate into a slime, that settles ...
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Combustion Analysis Solutions
Description: With combustion analysis from Emerson, you'll create a more efficient operation with lower operating costs while meeting regulatory compliance. No one offers a more complete, trouble free solution ...
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Conductivity Measurement in Oil Drilling
Description: Oil drillers search for oil by drilling deep holes into the earth in locations where substantial deposits of petroleum are expected. The petroleum deposits are generally found within certain ...
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Continuous Emissions Monitoring Solutions
Description: With our continuous emissions monitoring systems, Rosemount Analytical designs and engineers the right system for your specific needs, and provides startup and commissioning support, training, and ...
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Continuously Monitor Emissions in Real-time and Gain Detailed Insights into Your Gas Measurement Operations with Quantum Cascade Laser Analyzers
Description: Regulatory requirements to monitor and report emissions are a responsible practice for global industries. However, understanding evolving regulatory standards changes and options about technologies to ...
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Controlling Alumina/Caustic Ratio
Description: Aluminum is refined from raw bauxite ore in an energy intensive process that uses substantial amounts of caustic soda (NaOH) as the dissolving agent. Caustic is used because it is readily available ...
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Controlling/Monitoring Chlorination of Cooling Water
Description: Many manufacturing processes require large amounts of water to provide cooling. Most notable of these are electric power generation plants for steam, oil refining, and petro-chemical manufacturing. In ...
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Cost Effective Analytical Solutions Optimize Chromatography & Purification Systems
Description: Biopharmaceutical Chromatography Systems are designed for separating and purifying proteins and bio-engineered products. Flow systems are compact in design to maximize throughput. No dead legs in ...
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Cyanide Destruction Monitoring with pH and ORP
Description: Mining and electroplating processes generate waste materials containing alkaline, rare earth metals, and other heavy metals such as iron, nickel, zinc, cadmium, copper, silver, and gold. The wastes ...
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Cyberpax Increased Product quality and Safety Using Cascade Aerosol Microleak Detection System
Description: Cyberpax Co. Ltd was formed in May 2001 through a technical agreement between Toyo Aerosol Industry Co., Ltd. (the largest in Japan) and Packserv Co., Ltd. (the largest in Thailand). It is one of the ...
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Detecting Hydrogen Sulfide and Understanding Its Danger in the Field
Description: Many oil fields, especially mature ones, can produce high levels of Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S), which is deadly at even low concentrations. As drilling and completions are often in remote locations, ...
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Emerson Solutions to Petroleum Refinery Flare Regulations 40 CFR Part 63
Description: By January 30, 2019, 40 CFR Part 63 requires Petroleum Refinery owners or operators of flares used as control devices for emissions point to meet the requirements of §63.670, regardless of the ...
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Emerson™ Solutions Improve Regulatory Compliance while Reducing Hydrocarbon Waste
Description: Traditionally, the company assigned an operator to perform tank draining on a quarterly basis. In the draining process, the water is pumped through a drain pipe. If the operator sees the oil start to ...
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Energy Measurement Using Ultrasonic Flow Measurement and Chromatography
Description: Gas volume and energy metering stations using gas chromatography and ultrasonic metering are becoming a mainstream field operation and a new challenge to metering personnel. They are easy to adapt to ...
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Flue Gas Analysis as a Diagnostic Tool for Fired Process Heater Furnaces
Description: combustion flue gas analysis products ...
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FMC Biopolymer Reduces Operating Expenses More Than 80% with PERpH-X Sensors
Description: FMC makes ingredients for consumer products such as toothpaste, baking mixes, and other food products. The plant makes carrageenan out of seaweed using a sequence of chemical processing steps that ...
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Fundamentals of Gas Chromatography
Description: Gas chromatography is one of the most widely used techniques for analyzing hydrocarbon mixtures. Some of the advantages of chromatography are the range of measurement (from ppm levels up to 100 %), ...
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Hydrocarbon Dew Point Application
Description: Hydrocarbon dew point is the temperature, at a defined pressure, at which hydrocarbon liquids begin to form. The determination of the hydrocarbon dew point (HCDP) for natural gas has become a critical ...
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Improving Burner Control with Online Gas Chromatographs
Description: Burner Control is critical for Power and Industrial plants as it affects emissions, energy costs, and process efficiencies. For natural gas burners, variations in gas composition can have direct ...
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Improving Incinerator Operation with Advanced Flue Gas Analysis
Description: Sulfur plant tail gas incinerators are used to oxidize sulfur compounds that cannot be released directly into the atmosphere. These sulfur compounds include H2S, COS and CS2. Incinerators are operated ...
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Inferred pH in Steam Plant Water Chemistry Monitoring
Description: Inferred pH means pH calculated from straight and cation conductivity. The calculation can be applied to condensate, feedwater, and boiler water. Although not widely used in the United States, ...
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Korsnas Gavle Meets Environmental Requirements Using Smart Wireless Technology
Description: Environmental legislation required that water from heat exchangers must be carefully monitored for contamination before it is returned to the sea. Failure to comply could require production to be ...
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Lime Kiln Improves Throughput with Smart Wireless Solution
Description: A Pulp and Paper Mill in North America struggled to properly control calcining in the lime kiln. In fact, the kiln was operating so poorly that it had become a choke point. The mill bought a new ...
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Lime/Limestone Wet Scrubbing System for Flue Gas Desulfurization
Description: Wet scrubbers are used in utilities, paper mills, and chemical plants to remove sulfur dioxide (SO2) and other pollutants from gas streams. Undesirable pollutants are removed by contacting the gases ...
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Liquid Analytical Solutions
Description: Emerson has online liquid analytical solutions for many industries. ...
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Magnesium Oxide Wet Scrubbing System for Flue Gas Desulfurization
Description: Wet scrubbers are used in utilities, paper mills, and chemical plants to remove sulfur dioxide (SO2) and other pollutants from gas streams. Undesirable pollutants are removed by contacting the gases ...
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Measuring pH in Bacterial Oxidation of Metal Ores
Description: Some gold ore deposits can be processed by simple grinding, followed by extraction with cyanide, but many refractory deposits contain gold that cannot be so easily separated. The most common example ...
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Medium Purity Condensate Monitoring
Description: In high pressure boilers, it is necessary to monitor the return condensate before it goes back to the boiler to ensure that it is not contaminated beyond acceptable limits. In smaller boilers, the ...
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Methanol in Natural Gas
Description: Recently a report was published that investigated the effect of methanol on the analysis of natural gas by various gas chromatographs. The report was in response to measurement issues in some offshore ...
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Monitoring Steam Purity in Power Plants Part 1: Using Conductivity
Description: Utility operators have long known that contaminated steam can cause severe damage to the turbine, leading to lengthy unplanned outages, expensive repairs, and loss of revenue. Every plant has ...
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Monroe County Waste Treatment Facilities Improve Reliability of Centrifuges and Odor Control Fans with Wireless Vibration Monitoring
Description: Monroe County Pure Waters, Van Lare plant in Rochester NY and the Northwest Quadrant (NWQ) plant in Hilton, NY. These wastewater plants are located on the south shore of Lake Ontario. Van Lare dates ...
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Monroe County Waste Treatment Facility Brings Stranded Flow Measurements On-line
Description: Monroe County Pure Waters, Van Lare plant in Rochester NY and the Northwest Quadrant (NWQ) plant in Hilton, NY. These wastewater plants are located on the south shore of Lake Ontario. Van Lare dates ...
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Net v. Gross/Wet v. Dry Oxygen Measurement
Description: When a portable oxygen analyzer is utilized to check the calibration of an in situ oxygen analyzer, the portable analyzer will often produce a measurement which is higher than the measurement produced ...
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Odor-Tech Improves Tank Inventory Management at Gas Blending Facility
Description: Odor-Tech in Pineville, LA makes odorants for natural gas. These odorants are a safety precaution, as they give gas an unpleasant "rotten egg" smell to indicate its presence. Their customers may ...
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On-Line Electrode Impedance Measurement
Description: When glass electrode impedance is measured by imposing a voltage, the glass electrode polarizes in proportion to the applied voltage. This polarization sets up an opposing voltage, which increases the ...
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Online Gas Analysis in Air Separation Plants
Description: Emerson provides several Rosemount Analytical gasanalyzer technologies to meet the process control and purity monitoring needs of air separation plants. ...
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Online Gas Analysis in Ammonia Plants
Description: Ammonia is used in the production of a variety of products including fertilizer, nitric acid, nylon, pharmaceuticals, and refrigerant. Production of ammonia (NH3) is a two step process. The first step ...
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Online Gas Analysis of Hydrogen-cooled Generators
Description: Emerson provides several Rosemount Analytical gas analyzer technologies to meet the process control and purity monitoring needs of air separation plants. ...
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Online Process Gas Analysis in Ethylene Production Plants
Description: Emerson provides gas analysis technology for on-line analysis in ethylene production plants. Strategically placed gas analyzers improve the process efficiency and the purity of the end product. ...
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Optimizing Catalyst Regeneration with an In Situ Oxygen Probe
Description: ...Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Units (FCCU) will continuously route coked catalyst into a regenerator unit where oil remaining on the surface of the catalyst is stripped off with steam or solvent. ...
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Oxygen Measurement Improves Efficiency and Product Quality in Cement and Lime Kilns
Description: The measurement of oxygen (O2) inside a rotating kiln provides a good indication of combustion efficiency. This oxygen measurement can also provide an inferred indication of calcining rates and the ...
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Petroleum Industry Operator Reduces Nuisance False Alarms with Rosemount Incus
Description: Finding a balance between safety and efficiency at gas compressor stations is a challenge for most major operators. For one company in Asia, this balance had reached critical proportions. This ...
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pH and ORP Monitoring for the Indigo Dye Process
Description: Indigo dye is used for dyeing cotton and other cellulosic fibers such as rayon. In its pure form, indigo dye is not soluble in water, so the dye bath contains additives to solubilize it. ...
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pH Control for Pigment Production
Description: In pigmentation process applications, the liquor influent entering a process tank is composed primarily of ferrous sulphate (FeSO 4), in addition to manganese, zinc, cadmium, and other alloying ...
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pH Control in Fermentation Plants, Version 1
Description: A typical batch fermentation process starts with sterilization so that all micro-organisms found in the mash and reactor are completely destroyed. The mash is heated in the fermenter or a special ...
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pH Control in Fermentation Plants, Version 2
Description: A typical batch fermentation process starts with sterilization so that all micro-organisms found in the mash and reactor are completely destroyed. The mash is heated in the fermenter or a special ...
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pH Measurement in Corn Wet Milling
Description: Corn wet-milling is the most common method used to process corn in the US. In this process, corn kernels are separated into their component fractions and then further treated to yield cornstarch, corn ...
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pH Sensor Guide
Description: A pH sensor for EVERY job: General Purpose sensors for clean, non-coating liquids, and Tough Process sensors for dirty liquids, aggressive chemicals, and/or high temperatures. ...
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Prevent Ammonia Slip and Gas Greater Efficiencies in Your Plant's NOx Reduction System with Quantum Cascade Laser Analyzers
Description: Nitrogen oxides (NOX) result from the combustion process in turbines, crackers, combustion engines, boilers, and other locations within a plant. As a powerful pollutant, it is important to control and ...