Electronic Devices and Amplifier Circuits with MATLAB Computing, Second Edition
Emphasizing operational amplifiers and integrated devices used in digital circuits, this text presents a thorough discussion of state-of-the-art electronic devices.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Electronic Devices and Amplifier Circuits with MATLAB Computing, Second Edition
Chapter 6: Integrated Circuits
This chapter begins with an introduction to electronic logic gates and their function in terms of Boolean expressions and truth tables. Positive and negative logic are defined, and the transistor-transistor logic (TTL), emitter-coupled logic (ECL), CMOS, and BiCMOS logic families are discussed. Earlier logic families are presented in the exercises section.
6.1 The Basic Logic Gates [*]
Electronic logic gates are used extensively in digital systems and are manufactured as integrated circuits (IC s). The basic logic gates are the inverter or NOT gate, the AND gate, and the OR gate, and these perform the complementation, ANDing, and ORing operations respectively. The symbols for these gates are shown in Figure 6.1.
Figure 6.1: The three basic logic gates
Four other logic gates, known as NAND, NOR, Exclusive OR (XOR), and Exclusive NOR (XNOR), are derivatives of the basic AND and OR gates and will be discussed later in this chapter.
[*] For this and the remaining chapters it is assumed that the reader has prior knowledge of the binary, the octal, and hexadecimal number systems, complements of numbers, binary codes, the fundamentals of Boolean algebra, and truth tables. If not, it is strongly recommended that a good book like our Digital Circuit Analysis and Design, ISBN 0 9744239 6 3 is reviewed.
6.2 Positive and Negative Logic
Generally, an uncomplemented variable represents a logical 1, also referred to as the true condition, and when that variable is complemented, it represents a logical 0, also referred to as the false condition.
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