Electronic Devices and Amplifier Circuits with MATLAB Computing, Second Edition
Emphasizing operational amplifiers and integrated devices used in digital circuits, this text presents a thorough discussion of state-of-the-art electronic devices.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Electronic Devices and Amplifier Circuits with MATLAB Computing, Second Edition
Appendix C: Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) Controller
This appendix is a brief introduction to the Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controller, briefly known as PID. The components and the functions of a typical PID are described, and two examples are presented using the Simulink PID Controller Block and the Simulink PID Controller with Approximate Derivative Block.
C.1 Description and Components of a Typical PID
A proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is a control loop feedback system used in industrial control systems. A PID controller attempts to correct the error between a measured process variable and a desired setpoint by calculating and then outputting a corrective action that can adjust the process accordingly.
The PID controller calculation contains three separate parameters; the Proportional, the Integral, and Derivative values as shown in Figure C.1.
Figure C.1: The components of a typical PID
The Proportional value determines the reaction to the current error, the Integral determines the reaction based on the sum of recent errors, and the Derivative determines the reaction to the rate at which the error has been changing. The weighted sum of these three actions is used to adjust the process via a control element such as the position of a control valve or the power supply of a heating element
By adjusting the three constants in the PID controller algorithm the PID can provide control action designed for specific process requirements. The response of the controller can be described in terms of the responsiveness of the controller to an error, the degree to which the...
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