Practical Filters and Couplers: A Collection from Applied Microwave & Wireless

New equations make it easy to design three-pole active filters that use a single operational amplifier, saving costs through lower component count
By Glenn Parker
From APPLIED MICROWAVE & WIRELESS, VOL. 9, NO. 1, JANUARY/FEBRUARY 1997
With high-bandwidth op-amps available today, many products can use active filters that would have been impossible just 10 years ago. Still, cost remains a constant consideration in the design of any product. This article presents a method for reducing the number of parts required in odd-order active filters, thereby reducing the overall cost to market.
In a previous article [1], equations were presented for finding element values for unity and 6 dB gain third order active filters. This article introduces new equations for designing these sections and additional equations for arbitrary gain sections. Although solutions have been presented in the past for filter topologies similar to these, the solutions were for specific cases and have not approached the arbitrary pole/gain realization that is presented here.