Lab Equipment and Scientific Instruments Reference Materials
Reference Articles 401 - 500 of 688
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What is the function of filtration?
From: PorexDescription: Filtration is a process that happens all around us and even inside us. We enjoy drinking water that is filtered to remove solids and other impurities, and many manufacturing processes and products ...
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What is the function of venting?
From: PorexDescription: Venting processes are critical to the proper function of both high-tech, and low-tech devices that are used everyday. Whether to relieve pressure, allow for cooling, or protect contents from the ...
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What is the function of wicking?
From: PorexDescription: Wicking processes span all facets of everyday life. From garments designed to wick sweat, to marking pens that transfer ink to a surface, to devices that collect and test bodily fluids. The capillary ...
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Catalytic Reforming Unit (CCR) Optimization
Description: This white paper uses the example of the catalytic reforming unit commonly found in a refinery to illustrate the options for using on-line analyzers to deliver useful, timely, and available process ...
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The Chemistry of Light & Color
From: Radiant Vision SystemsDescription: To mark the 150th anniversary of the Periodic Table of Elements, originally published in 1869, we explore how chemisty affects the colors we see, chemical properties of colored light, LEDs, and more. ...
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Why Super-Resolution Microscopy Benefits from Piezo Technology
Description: Super-Resolution microscopy allows insights into intracellular processes and interactions at a molecular level. During the past two decades, advances in the field have led to significantly higher ...
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Analyzing Fractured Metal Surfaces with a Digital Microscope
From: Evident ScientificDescription: Fractography is an analytical technique used to determine the cause of fracturing in a metal structure. The method relies on the analysis of dimples and slips on the fracture's surface to determine ...
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Detecting Damage on a Drill Bit Edge Using a Digital Microscope
From: Evident ScientificDescription: Drill bits are widely used in industrial fields as a cutting tool. A drill bit is a thin spiral metal blade about 10 cm (3.9 in.) long. It is usually made of cemented carbide to resist wear and heat ...
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Inspecting Bonding Wires Using a Digital Microscope
From: Evident ScientificDescription: Semiconductors are manufactured using a precise process. One step is wire bonding, where electrodes on an integrated circuit are connected to lead frames using soldered gold, aluminum, and copper ...
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Measuring the Volume of Integrated Circuit Chipping After the Dicing Process Using a Digital Microscope
From: Evident ScientificDescription: Integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing can be broken down into two processes-forming circuits on bare wafers and packaging. The circuit formation process begins with cylindrical pieces of semiconductor ...
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SPECTRO ARCOS delivers high-throughput agronomical analysis for Eurofins
Description: SPECTRO ARCOS Benefits u Advanced analysis of crops, grass, soil, silage, forage, manure, and more u Simultaneous sample testing for all elements of interest in 60 seconds u Maximized throughput u ...
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Introduction to statistics for spectroscopy
Description: We send out a regular email newsletters and information. Please let us know if you would like us to contact you by email or not, by selecting one of the options below. When we take a spectroscopy ...
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Optimal Cast Iron Melt Controls with OES
Description: Approximately 20,000 foundries worldwide produce cast iron. The exact chemical composition of the alloy being manufactured needs to be checked throughout the melt process to ensure the quality of the ...
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What is the function of application?
From: PorexDescription: Seemingly basic designs require a sophisticated interplay between different types of porous material components - each performing different functions - in order to produce a dependable system for ...
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Convergence Instruments' Solution Supports Community Effort in Silicon Valley
From: Convergence InstrumentsDescription: residents from Silicon Valley would like to see a cost-effective noise monitoring solution that could easily be replicated around the country. After researching and testing multiple approaches for a ...
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Foodstuff production
Description: FOODSTUFF PRODUCTION - A CULTURE OF CONTRADICTIONS? ...
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Magneto-Pneumatic Oxygen Analyzer - The Forgotten Oxygen Measurement Solution
Description: This paper will discuss the magneto-pneumatic oxygen measurement principle, especially in comparison to the classical paramagnetic as well as the TDL approaches. Examples of applications will also be ...
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On-line Monitoring of Selected Chemicals in Surface Water - A Case Study of Challenges and Experiences
Description: This paper describes the task and system configuration of an analytical system utilizing process gas chromatography that is continuously measuring more than 60 chemicals in surface water. It is used ...
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Archimedes & the History of Density Testing
Description: The first recorded application of density measurement was for fraud detection. The density measurement concept then expanded to encompass determination of material composition and assessment of ...
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Industrial Wastewater Treatment
Description: Anguil Environmental Systems received a request to quote an oxidizer and packed tower air stripper to treat a 65 gallon per minute water stream containing significant concentrations of Diesel Range ...
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Determination of grease content for water quality monitoring using the MQC23
From: Oxford InstrumentsDescription: The measurement of grease content in waste water is a crucial parameter in water quality control and environmental monitoring performed by water suppliers' laboratories and environmental authorities. ...
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Four Questions to Guide Your Laboratory Centrifuge Selection
From: NuAire, Inc.Description: A centrifuge is an integral component of a laboratory and is critical to the success of analysis. However, choosing the correct centrifuge for a particular application can be a daunting task. ...
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Kinematic Carrying Platform for an X-Ray Spectrometer: Q & A with Dr. Markus Simon
Description: Dr. Markus Simon, head of the PI miCos beamline instrumentation group explains a special double hexapod PKM system designed for synchrotron x-ray spectroscopy, for complex material testing and ...
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Flow Test Correlation of Size & Flow
From: Accu-GlassDescription: A customer needs a flow restrictor but only knows what liquid flow rate is needed and what pressure they will be using. Accu-Glass will develop custom Microbore glass flow restrictors with an inside ...
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Interface Detection and Level Control in Separators
Description: Separators are processing units that are used to separate water (aqueous phase) and an immiscible (nonmixing) liquid (non aqueous phase). Separators are used in a variety of industries: - chemical ...
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Does this Glass Pass? Using XRF to Screen for Ceramic and Lead Contaminants
From: Evident ScientificDescription: [This paper] discusses the techniques, drawbacks, and benefits of recycling glass and ceramic glass. Handheld X-ray fluorescence analyzers are widely used since they can provide material chemistry ...
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Handheld XRF Analyzers Enhance Mineral Exploration and Grade Control of Nickel Sulphides
From: Evident ScientificDescription: Olympus portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) analyzers provide real-time geochemical data for rapid multi-element characterization of soils, rocks, ores, concentrates, and tailings. Recent advances in ...
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History in a New Light, the Role of Light Microscopy in Cultural Heritage
From: Evident ScientificDescription: As an analytical technique, light microscopy provides unique insights across many areas of historical materials, from discovering an artifact's history to understanding the best course of action for ...
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Portable XRF and Coal for Mineral Exploration, Grade Control, Blending & Processing
From: Evident ScientificDescription: Olympus portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) analyzers provide high-performance, real-time geochemical data for rapid multielement characterization of soils, rocks, and ores. Advances in pXRF technology ...
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Portable XRF for Gold (Au) and Au Pathfinders for Mineral Exploration and Ore Body Vectoring
From: Evident ScientificDescription: Olympus' X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyzers provide high-performance, real-time geochemical data for rapid multielement characterization of soil, rocks, and ores. Recent advances in XRF technology ...
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Using the HydroFORM for External Corrosion Mapping
From: Evident ScientificDescription: The interior and exterior surfaces of carbon steel pipes tend to corrode over time, regardless of their environment. Regular inspection of this corrosion is required to assess and monitor pipe ...
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Vanta Handheld XRF Frequently Asked Questions
From: Evident ScientificDescription: Why did we create a new XRF analyzer? What's so special about it? Read this FAQ to get the answers to questions customers are asking about Vanta™ handheld XRF analyzers. ...
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X-ray Diffraction for Mineral Processing
From: Evident ScientificDescription: Knowing the mineralogical composition of ore is critical to pre-planning and optimizing processing operations and controlling costs associated with energy and chemical use. Identifying the mineral ...
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Tensile Strength
Description: Tensile strength is the critical value of metal transition from uniform plastic deformation to local concentrated plastic deformation, and also the maximum load-bearing capacity of metal under static ...
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Fabric / Textile Testing Project
Description: Textile materials are the most basic raw materials for industrial production. In order to understand the importance of the quality control of textile industry ...
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Gas Chromatography Applications
Description: Gas Chromatograph is mainly used in the analysis of oil extraction and refining, petrochemicals, fine chemicals, food safety, environmental protection, electronic high-purity gas industries, research ...
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Lead Cabinets White Paper
From: MarShieldDescription: Lead Lined Cabinets or Laboratory Furniture is designed for the safe storage of radioisotopes or radioactive materials inside the cabinet to ensure full protection of healthcare providers from harmful ...
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Photonic Crystal Guided-Mode Resonance Sensors for Optical Diagnostics
From: MOXTEK, Inc.Description: Moxtek has achieved low cost, wafer-scale manufacturing of plasmonic, photonic crystal, and hybrid structures and is ready to support your production needs, from developmental projects through ...
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Plastmonic Nano-Dome Arrays for SERS
From: MOXTEK, Inc.Description: Moxtek has achieved low cost, wafer-scale manufacturing of plasmonic nano-dome arrays for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) applications, and is ready to support your production needs, from ...
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Do You Need an Automatic Tensiometer?
Description: Automatic surface tension tensiometers have capabilities to die for. For example they are one button operations, can track changes in surface tension over time, give indications of contact contact ...
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LAB GAS SERVERS Infographic
From: Proton OnSiteDescription: Facts and benefits of lab gas servers ...
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Living anionic polymerization of methyl methacrylate controlled by metal-free phosphazene catalyst as observed by small-angle neutron scattering, gel permeation chromatography and UV-visible spectroscopy
From: StellarNet, Inc.Description: Phosphazene (PZN) catalyst, PZN catalyst coexisting with a co-catalyst 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) have been observed for the first time by small-angle neutron ...
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Industrial Gas Analysis System for Perfluorocarbon (PFC) Gas Analysis
From: JASCODescription: PFC (Perfluorocarbon) gases such as CF3, C2F6, C4F8 and CHF3 are used as cleaning agents for dry-edging and CVD equipment, a critical process in the manufacturing of semiconductors. PFC gases are ...
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Brewing Industry - Dispersion of Beer Foam Head Retaining Agents
From: Silverson Machines, Inc.Description: Ingredients such as propylene glycol alginate (PGA) may be added to beer to stabilize the foam head and to aid resistance to breakdown of foam in the presence of detergent residues or grease on the ...
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Mayonnaise Manufacture
From: Silverson Machines, Inc.Description: Mayonnaise is an oil-in-water emulsion which can contain up to 80% oil. Gums and thickeners such as starches are used in low fat products to replace the viscosity and bulking effect of the oil, to ...
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Spectral Imaging with VersaChrome®
From: IDEX Health & ScienceDescription: Multicolor fluorescence imaging is ubiquitous in research and clinical applications. When the fluorophores used in such applications have low spectral overlap, standard filter cubes (with fixed ...
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Spectral Modeling in Fluorescence Microscopy
From: IDEX Health & ScienceDescription: Fluorescence microscopy is a ubiquitous and continuously evolving technique which permits one to peer into the biological world at the micron length scale and beyond, allowing direct access into the ...
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Apparent or Actual Surface Tension? Which to Use?
Description: An definition of surface tension: "The attraction force between molecules at the surface of a liquid. The force that keeps if from flying off into space". The number of different test methods suggests ...
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The Effects of Hydrogen Purity on GC Analysis and Column Life
From: Proton OnSiteDescription: Hydrogen has been widely adopted as a carrier gas to replace nitrogen and helium in GC applications for a variety of reasons. Superior advantages include faster analysis, lower cost and the ...
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A Guide to Spectroscopy for Used Oil Analysis
Description: Evaluating the wear condition of equipment is a primary requirement of condition monitoring programs. Oil wetted equipment will generate wear particles throughout its lifetime, the nature and rate of ...
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Guide to Measuring Biofuel Blending
Description: As the global commitment to renewable energy sources grows, the importance of using biodiesel as a blending component with diesel fuel has increased. Biodiesel consists of fatty acid methyl esters ...
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Guide to Measuring Fuel Dilution in Lubricating Oil
Description: Fuel dilution in oil can cause serious engine damage. High levels of fuel (>2%) in a lubricant can result in decreased viscosity, oil degradation, loss of dispersancy, and loss of oxidation stability. ...
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Guide to Measuring Glycol Contamination in Oil
Description: Liquid cooled engines and rotating equipment use glycol based coolants because of their excellent heat transfer abilities. However, glycol based coolants are not desirable at all in lubrication oil ...
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Guide to Measuring Oil Viscosity
Description: The most important physical property of a lubricating oil is viscosity. Viscosity determines the load carrying ability of the oil as well as how easily it circulates. The correct balance between high ...
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High Throughput Screening of Wind Turbine Gear Box Samples Utilizing the LaserNet 230 and Automatic Sample Processor (AS)
Description: The major issue for premature failure in wind turbine gearboxes is bearing failure, which leads to gearbox failure. A wind turbine gearbox will not survive if the oil is not clean and especially if ...
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Oil Analysis Handbook Third Edition
Description: It has been over two years since the publication of the first edition of Spectro Scientific's In-Service Oil Analysis Handbook. Our original goal was to compile a comprehensive reference book of ...
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Techniques for Measuring Oil in Water
Description: Oil in water analysis is a global issue that crosses many industries, analytical methods, and regulatory agencies. Due to the negative effects of oil on the environment, there are strict limits on the ...
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Fast Analysis of Particle Shape and Size
Description: Dynamic Image Analysis is a perfect method if not only the particle size of powders is to be determined, but if you also want to ascertain something about their shape. ...
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Is it Time for a New Ultralow Freezer?
From: NuAire, Inc.Description: While there aren't often obvious signals that your ultralow freezer is about to die, the experts say there are a few things you can look for. ...
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Eliminating Ammonium Load Peaks From Process Water
From: HachDescription: Workers at the Kornwestheim treatment plant have been seeking to optimise energy consumption and reduce the nitrogen load in the outlet for many years. However, when using an aeration control system ...
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High Nitrate Values During Low-load Periods
From: HachDescription: At the Villau treatment plant, the fixed time control for aeration could not be adapted precisely enough to handle the fluctuating load levels. This led to unnecessarily high nitrate values, ...
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Basic Principles of Laser Scanning Microscopes
From: Evident ScientificDescription: One of the factors that contributes to the recent considerable reduction in size and high integration of electronics and other devices is miniaturization of the electronic components that make them ...
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Glossary of Chemical Terms
From: HachDescription: Real-Time Controls Hach's RTC (Real Time Control) solutions are complete off-the-shelf systems that adjust treatment processes in real time, keeping your facility compliant while reducing treatment ...
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Important Consideration in Viscosity Measurement of Jet and Diesel Fuels According to ASTM D1655 and ASTM D975
Description: While D7042 manufacturers claim "precision equivalent to D445" with faster run times, it is important to understand the details behind these claims to make an informed decision when considering the ...
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Global Defense Technology & Systems, Inc. Success Story
From: EatonDescription: Global Defense Technology & Systems, Inc. (GTEC) This major contractor to the U.S. Department of Defense needed a clean solution for dirty shower water in Afghanistan. Eaton filters have answered the ...
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CO2 Incubator Decontamination or Sterilization: Does it matter what you call it?
From: BakerDescription: Many terms are used (often interchangeably) to describe the removal of biohazards. In the lab, we often say that a work surface or piece of equipment needs to be "decontaminated." "Sterile" items need ...
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Electron Microscopy: Nonmagnetic Drives and Stages for Vacuum
Description: Electron microscopy allows investigations with extremely high lateral resolution down to a range of less than one nanometer. However, this places great demands on the imaging elements. And, of course, ...
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Raman Imaging and AFM Microscopy with Piezo-Flexure Based Nanopositioning Stages
Description: Very often individual classical microscopic methods are no longer sufficient in terms of optical resolution or information content. The combination of different microscopic methods yields more ...
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Ultra-High Precision AFM with 6-Axis Laser and Piezo Scanner for Traceable Measurements on Semiconductors and Step Standards
Description: Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is used for surface measurements with resolution down to atomic levels - dimensions that are far beyond even the highest resolution optical microscopes. AFM is a ...
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What's Causing Your Desiccator to Leak, and How Do You Fix It?
From: Terra Universal, Inc.Description: Let's consider three of the top reasons why your desiccator may be leaking. ...
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What is an Ionizing Blow-Off Gun?
From: Terra Universal, Inc.Description: An Ionizing Blow-Off Gun is a hand-held device used to eliminate static, dust, and contaminants from a variety of surfaces and parts. It is shaped similarly to a gun and includes a trigger. ...
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Fairfield-Suisun SD Digester Mixing Comparison
From: Vaughan Co., Inc.Description: Fairfield-Suisun Sewer District (FSSD) in California installed a Vaughan Rotamix® hydraulic mixing system next to an identical anaerobic digester with a 7-year-old gas mixing system. Rotamix® ...
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Fine particle study of micro-cavitational effect in high-energy rotor/stator homogenizer
From: ARDE Barinco, Inc.Description: Oil in water dispersions produced using a multiple rotor/stator in-line homogenizer mixer were characterized using Sauter mean droplet diameter and Weber number. Homogenizer design develops ...
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In-Line Dispersing Grinder Doubles Rate of Dissolution of Rubber in Styrene
From: ARDE Barinco, Inc.Description: By using an in-line dispersing grinder to promote dissolution of polybutadiene rubber in styrene at the Hanging Rock Plant of Dow Chemical USA, total time needed for dissolution has been cut by better ...
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Pigment and Plasticizer Dispersions in Half the Batching Time
From: ARDE Barinco, Inc.Description: Reversible Homogenizers used at W&F Manufacturing have cut batching times in half for their pigment and plasticizer dispersions. In cash, the time savings amount to between $1,000 and $2,000 per week. ...
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Reversible Homogenizer Deaerates Viscous Gel
From: ARDE Barinco, Inc.Description: hine & Pretty (USA) Corporation 456 Constitution Avenue, Camarillo, CA, is an integrated contract manufacturer of personal care products including creams and lotions and styling gel products. Located ...
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Reversible Homogenizer Increases Production of Creams, Lotion and Ointment
From: ARDE Barinco, Inc.Description: Commonly, the entire cream, ointment or lotion manufacturing process - heat, mix, disperse, emulsify and cool - is done in expensive jacketed kettles with anchor-style agitators and dispersion heads, ...
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Reversible Homogenizing Mixer Cuts Process Time By 30%
From: ARDE Barinco, Inc.Description: PROBLEM: Chipman, Inc., of Stoney Creek, Ontario, is a Canadian manufacturer of flowable agricultural formulations. In the manufacture of these formulations, they receive a variety of solid active ...
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Reversible Homogenizing Mixer Improves Extraction Process, Increasing Yields by 4-7%
From: ARDE Barinco, Inc.Description: Problem: A major pharmaceutical manufacturer on the east coast was having problems with the production of a pharmaceutical reagent because the volumes were too small and the yields too low. The ...
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Electro-Optic Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer
From: Meadowlark Optics, Inc.Description: JPL is developing an innovative compact, low mass, Electro-Optic Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (E-O IFTS) for hyperspectral imaging applications. ...
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Comminution of Silicone Rubber
Description: Many industries rely heavily on silicone rubber as a basic material. Effective for the sample preparation of the material are the FRITSCH-Mills. ...
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Inspecting Natural Rubber Analytically
Description: The production of homogenous composite samples is a prerequisite. ...
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Pigment processing: The Isolation of the Naturally Beautiful
Description: Mankind has always enjoyed enduring works of art. The particles of the pigments have always been playing a major role. For example, the oldest cave paintings still impress us today. One of the most ...
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Speed-up Your Synthesis Lab: Planetary Ball Mills As A Tool In Organic Synthesis
Description: The Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry of the Friedrich-Schiller University of Jena has developed new and improved methods for synthesis strategies using Planetary Mills in ...
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Research shows the capability of cavity-enhanced laser
Description: How LGR's patented analyzing technique, Off-Axis Integrated Cavity Output Spectroscopy (OA-ICOS), is used to quantify 18O and ethanol content in wines. ...
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Analysis of Active Components of Various Forms of Medication
Description: In the pharmaceutical technology (formerly galenics) one is occupied with the production of various pharmaceutical forms like for example tablets, pastilles or dragées. ...
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Comminution of Ferro Alloys
Description: In the metallurgy an alloy is a mixture with metallic characteristics consisting of two or more chemical elements, from which at least one is a metal. Different and altering compositions always result ...
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Comminution of Punching Waste
Description: Non-ferrous metals punching waste respectively recycling materials accrue during the production of electronic components. The production of representative samples can simply be achieved with FRITSCH ...
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Drug Testing Via Hair Analysis
Description: In order to proof the consumption of drugs (cocaine, cannabis products, amphetamines) even after long periods of time, hair is frequently analyzed. ...
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Grinding Selenium to a Fine Powder
Description: Selenium - listed in the periodic system of the elements in the 6th main group, below sulphur, is unknown to many. It belongs to the essential trace elements and is integrated by the body in the so ...
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Milling of Ductile Materials with Planetary Ball Mills
Description: Comminuting ductile materials such as precious metals can be challenging, but can be mastered with FRITSCH Planetary Mills. ...
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Phytopharmaceuticals, Traditional Chinese Medicine, Natural Cosmetics
Description: Scientists, pharmacists and doctors are increasingly, systematically and more extensively occupied with the components of medical plants. These always have to be analysed. ...
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Sample Preparation for Refuse Derived Fuels
Description: Plastic, wood and shredded waste, are in times of rising crude oil prices very interesting additions to the classic fuels. Especially in the cement industry, the energy rich fractions from ...
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Sample Preparation for the Analysis of Matured Timber
Description: The matured timber statute dedicates itself with the utilization and application of matured timber. A perfect assistant for the sample preparation are the FRITSCH Cutting Mills. ...
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Sample Preparation for the Analysis of Secondary Fuel in Cement Plants
Description: Secondary fuel can be a very inhomogeneous sample, containing all types of polymers, paper, wood and low fractions of metal. Also recycled wood or parts of automobile tires might be used as secondary ...
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Vanadium - A Metal With Unlimited Fields of Application
Description: Vanadium - a transition metal with special potential. An interesting topic which for example is broadened through the possible uses of vanadium in the energy transition. In this article, the material ...
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Your Cell Phone Turns Into Dust
Description: For the sample preparation for the RoHS analysis, several steps are necessary in order to achieve the desired degree of fineness. Optimal here are FRITSCH Mills. ...
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For Quality Control Purposes Nuts Have to Endure a Great Deal
Description: Routine quality inspections of nuts in production and trade are subject to clear regulatory requirements. The following article contains compact information about the requirements, as well as aspects ...
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Particle Analysis with a Camera
Description: Dynamic Image Analysis is a perfect method if not only the particle size of powders is to be determined, but if you also want to ascertain something about their shape. For this purpose the FRITSCH ...
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Practical Example: Comminution of Nuts - Generation of Representative samples
Description: Detailed sample preparation of nuts according to regulation (EG) Nr. 401/2006 with tips, approaches and photos of the individual steps. ...