TABLE OF CONTENTS Properties of sheet metals vary from one class of materials to another. Table 19.1 gives typical ranges of n, m, and 
within several classes of materials. It should be noted that while these values are typical, higher or lower values may be encountered.
| Metal | n | | m |
|---|---|---|---|
| Low-carbon steel | 0.20 0.25 | 1.4 2.0 | 0.015 |
| Interstitial-free steel | 0.30 | 1.8 2.5 | 0.015 |
| HSLA steels | 0.10 0.18 | 0.9 1.2 | 0.005 0.01 |
| Ferritic stainless steel | 0.16 0.23 | 1.0 1.2 | 0.010 0.015 |
| Austenitic stainless steel | 0.40 0.55 | 0.9 1.0 | 0.010 0.015 |
| Copper | 0.35 0.45 | 0.6 0.9 | 0.005 |
| Brass (70 30) | 0.40 0.60 | 0.8 0.9 | 0.0 0.005 |
| Aluminum alloys | 0.20 0.30 | 0.6 0.8 | ?0.005 ?+0.005 |
| Zinc alloys | 0.05 0.15 | 0.4 0.6 | 0.05 0.08 |
| ?-titanium | 0.05 | 3.0 5.0 | 0.01 0.02 |
| [ ]Although these values are typical, there is a great deal of variation from one lot to another,depending on the composition and the rolling and annealing practiecs. In general as the strengthlevels are increased by cold work, preciptation, or grain-size refinement, the levels of n and m decrease. |
For both fcc and bcc metals, the highest values of correspond to textures with {111} planes oriented parallel to the sheet. Grains with {100} planes oriented parallel to the sheet tend to have very low values. The recrystallization textures of bcc metals after cold rolling tend to have strong {111} textural components parallel to the sheet and the -values depend mostly on the amount of the weaker {100} component. It has been shown [*]that pure rotationally symmetric {111} textures in bcc metals have a maximum -value...
