Single Phase Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) Specifications

Help with Single Phase Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) specifications:

General Specifications


	Technology
	Your choices are...
	Delta Conversion		This type of online UPS includes a delta converter which delivers a fraction of the input power to the load.
	Ferro-Resonant		Ferro-resonant UPS operates like the standby/offline device with the difference that a Ferro-resonant transformer is used to filter the output.
	Fuel Cell UPS		This type of UPS uses a fuel cell as the power source. The fuel cell replaces the battery used in other types of units.
	Hybrid Topology		Hybrid Topology, also known as Double Conversion on Demand operates as an offline/standby for a particular preset window of power conditions. When the power conditions are outside of the predefined window, the UPS switches to online/double conversion operation. This type of operation is very highly efficient device.
	Line-interactive		The inverter works in parallel with conditioned input AC power to supply power to the load (boosting or bucking), and only handles the full load power when the AC input power fails. Line-interactive UPSs provide protection from spikes and surges, as well as supplying auxiliary power if voltage sag or a blackout occurs. Unlike the standby units, line-interactive UPSs provide automatic voltage boost (or buck) when the power dips, without accessing the batteries. This feature provides continuous line conditioning, promotes longer battery life, and eliminates electronic "noise" that can cause minor application errors and loss of data.
	On-line (Double-conversion)		The load is supplied from a power converter that always operates and takes its input from a DC supply, which consists of a battery, and a large battery charger, which are connected in parallel. On-line UPSs provide the highest quality of power protection by using a double-conversion technique. The UPS takes the incoming A/C power and recreates it by converting the voltage to D/C, then conditioning the power to eliminate noise, sags, or surges, and, finally, converting it back to A/C before it exits the UPS. Since the power runs continuously through the inverter, there is no transfer or switching time to battery mode in the event of a blackout.
	Off-line (Standby)		Power is usually derived directly from the power line, until power fails. After power failure, a battery-powered inverter turns on to continue supplying power. With this type of power supply, power comes directly from the A/C outlet until the voltage sags or the power fails. After the power sags or fails, a battery-powered inverter almost immediately turns on to continue to supply you with power. Batteries are charged, as necessary, when direct A/C power is available. Even while power is coming directly from the A/C outlet, the UPS provides protection from voltage spikes and surges.
	Rotary		A rotary UPS uses the inertia of a big spinning flywheel to provide short-term power in the event of a power loss.
	Other		There exist other UPS types for three phase power; however they are uncommon and include Ferro resonant or rotary types using motor-generators.
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	Mounting
	Your choices are...
	Tower Type		Mini or full tower, designed to be foot mounted.
	Rack or Tray		Mounts on or in equipment racks.
	Strip Type (Plug Strip)		Integral cable plugs into an existing outlet; strip can lie on the ground or be mounted.
	Mounts On / In Device Protected		Unit is secured directly on or within protected device.
	Other		Other unlisted mounting types.
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	Interfaces		Many UPS units allow for the status of the UPS to be monitored from a PC or other remote location. In addition to monitoring, UPS units can also permit the initiation of test cycles and configuration changes of the unit via varying interface options.
	Your choices are...
	Serial		Outputs a serial digital signal (e.g. USB, RS232, and RS422).
	Parallel		Outputs a parallel digital signal (e.g. PC parallel printer port).
	Other Digital		Outputs a digital signal other than parallel or serial (e.g. special TTL).
	Modem		Modulator-demodulator. A modem is a device or program that enables a computer to transmit data over telephone lines. Computer information is stored digitally, whereas information transmitted over telephone lines is transmitted in the form of analog waves. A modem converts between these two forms.
	Ethernet		A local-area network (LAN) protocol developed by Xerox Corporation in cooperation with DEC and Intel in 1976. Ethernet uses a bus or star topology and supports data transfer rates of 10 Mbps. The Ethernet specification served as the basis for the IEEE 802.3 standard, which specifies the physical and lower software layers. Ethernet uses the CSMA/CD access method to handle simultaneous demands. It is one of the most widely implemented LAN standards.
	Wireless		A wireless interface such as RF or IR.
	PC Card Interface (PCMCIA)		PC Cards are credit card-size peripherals that add memory, storage, and I/O interface to computers in a rugged, compact form factor. PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) is the name of an organization that has developed standards for PC Card technology along with Miniature Card and SmartMedia cards.
	Other		Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary configuration.
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Performance


	Input Voltage Range:		Precise identification of the electrical system is critical in the proper selection and application of a UPS device.
	Search Logic:		User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.

	Switchover Time		On line (Double-conversion) devices do not have a switchover time.
	Search Logic:		User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.

	Volt-Amp Rating		UPSs are rated in volt-amperes (VA) or kilo-VA (kVA). The VA rating is the maximum number of Volts * Amps a unit can deliver. The VA rating is not the same as the power drain (in Watts) of the equipment. The easiest way to find out how many VA is needed is to look at the back of the equipment that is to be protected and note the total number of amps listed for each device. Take the total and multiply it by the nominal voltage (120V) to get the number of VA. For example, a computer and monitor which are both rated at two (2) amps would require 480VA (2A+2A=4A 4Ax120V=480VA). With this rating, at least a 500VA UPS is recommended.
	Search Logic:		User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.

	Watt Rating		Specify the Watt Rating only if VA Rating is not known (the Watt Rating is less than or equal to VA Rating).
	Search Logic:		User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.

	Runtime at Half Load		Runtime at half load: The length of time the UPS will operate during a blackout at half load (VA).
	Search Logic:		User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.

	Runtime at Full Load		The length of time the UPS will operate during a blackout at full load (VA).
	Search Logic:		User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.

	Operating Temperature:		The temperature range over which the device must operate.
	Search Logic:		User may specify either, both, or neither of the limits in a "From - To" range; when both are specified, matching products will cover entire range. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.

Output Specifications


	Number of "Backed Up" Electrical Outlets		The number of outlets that will be provided with auxiliary power when UPS is activated.
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	Outlet Options		Additional outlet types available.
	Your choices are...
	Additional Electrical Outlets (Not Backed Up)		Additional electrical outlets that are not supplied with power upon activation of UPS.
	RJ Type Connectors		Phone or network "jacks."
	Coaxial Cable Connectors		For A/V applications.
	Other		Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary configuration.
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Features / Compliance


	Standard / Compliance
	Your choices are...
	UL 1449 Rated Surge Protection		UL 1449 is a standard that covers transient voltage surge suppressors (TVSS) intended for permanently connected, cord-connected and direct plug-in applications. UL Standard 1449 established various values for Suppressed Voltage Ratings (SVR). This specification includes a requirement that surge suppression devices be marked with the surge let-through voltage for a specific UL test. By assigning a UL voltage rating for a particular mode (i.e. N-G), it can be inferred that this mode is protected against surges. For the three-wire, single-phase branch circuit commonly used in the U.S. and Canada), the power transfer potential, L-N, is called the Normal Mode. Sometimes this mode is also called the Transverse Mode. Any voltage measurement taken with respect to Ground (N-G and L-G) represents Common Mode potentials. These are sometimes abbreviated L=N-G. Keep in mind that measured limiting voltages are rounded up to the nearest UL rating (i.e., a SVR of 380 Volts, would be classified as a UL 1449 400 rating), so please consult the manufacturer for the actual suppressed voltage rating.
	Grade MIL 901 / 167		Standard MIL compliance for UPS
	FCC		Under Rules and Regulations, Title 47, Part 15 Subpart B, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulates all commercial electronic devices (unintentional radio-frequency radiators) destined for sale in the United States that have clocks / oscillators that operate at a frequency greater than 9 kHz and that use digital techniques. This includes most products that employ microprocessors, as well as RF devices.
	UL		Underwriters Laboratories (UL) is a non-profit organization that tests components, systems, and materials according to its published standards for safety. Products that receive UL approval bear a UL Mark.
	IEC 62040-3		Generic standard for UPS systems. It defines limits on the amplitude and duration of the output voltage.
	C-UL Listing Mark		The C-UL Listing Mark from Underwriters Laboratories (UL) is applied to products for the Canadian market. These products meet Canadian safety requirements, which may differ from U.S. safety requirements.
	Other		Other unlisted compliances.
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	Features
	Your choices are...
	Application Software Included?		Software for control or for monitoring UPS performance.
	Audible Alarms?		The unit contains alarms, which activates upon status conditions.
	Automatic Restart?		Upon correction of Power problems, UPS initiates startup routine for protected loads.
	Automatic Saving?		Upon power outage, UPS initiates auto save routine for application data.
	Automatic Shutdown?		Upon power outage, UPS initiates shutdown routine for protected loads.
	Battery-free		The UPS does not use chemical batteries for energy storage. Battery-free energy storage alternatives include; flywheel energy storage, ultra-capacitors, super-cooled electromagnets, and hydraulic or pneumatic energy storage.
	Bypass Switch?		If the UPS is broken or is being serviced, the switch allows bypass power to pass through to equipment without endangering those working on the UPS device.
	Expandable Battery Jacks?		Allows user to daisy chain additional battery packs to increase runtime.
	Hot-swappable Batteries?		Allows replacement of the internal battery, without shutting down the connected load.
	LCD or LED Display?		Device has LCDs or LEDs, which offer continuous analysis of power, unit or fault conditions.
	Remote Monitoring Contacts?		Dedicated contacts for use in remote monitoring or alarming in addition to any PC interface.
	Self-diagnostics?		Unit can perform self-test to ensure integrity of diagnostic components.
	Search Logic:		All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches.