Machine Design Databook, Second Edition

| a | diameter of circular hole (cut-out), m (in) * semimajor axis of elliptical hole (cut-out), m (in) half of the length of the slot, m (in) | |
| 2 a | length of straight crack, m (in) (Figs. 4-26A and 4-28) | |
| A | area of cross section, m 2 (in) 2 | |
| b | semiminor axis of elliptical hole (cut-out), m (in) maximum breadth of section of curved bar, m (in) width of notch at the edge, m (in) | |
| b = ( w ? a) | effective width of plate across the hole, m (in) or net width of plate, m (in) | |
| 2 b | total width of plate with a crack, m (in) (Fig. 4-28) | |
| B | constant in curved bar equation outside diameter of reinforced ring in an asymmetrically reinforced circular hole | |
| c | distance from centroidal axis to extreme fiber of beam or inside edge of curved bar, m (in) | |
| C | spring index | |
| d | effective width of plate, m (in) width of U-piece at dangerous section, m (in) diameter of shaft at reduced section, m (in) reduced width of shoulder plate, m (in) | |
| d i | diameter of hole (cut-out), m (in) | |
| d o | outside diameter of reinforcement, m (in) | |
| D | total diameter of shaft, m (in) total width of plate, m (in) | |
| F | load, kN (lbf) force, kN (lbf) diametrically opposite concentrated loads on ring or hollow roller, kN (lbf) | |
| h | thickness... |