Machine Design Databook, Second Edition

| a | inner radius of cylinder, m (in) inner radius of rotating cylinder, m (in) inner radius of circular plate, m (in) | |
| A | cross-sectional area, m 2 (in 2) | |
| b | outer radius of inner cylinder, m (in) inside radius of outer cylinder, m (in) outer radius of rotating cylinder, m (in) outer radius of circular plate, m (in) | |
| c | outside radius of outer cylinder, m (in) | |
| C 1, C 2 | constants of integration, m (in) | |
| | flexural rigidity of a plate or shell, N/m (lbf/in) | |
| E | modulus of elasticity, GPa | |
| G | modulus of rigidity, GPa | |
| g | acceleration due to gravity, 981 cm/s 2 | |
| h | thickness of plate, m (in) | |
| I | moment of inertia, cm 4 (in 4) | |
| J | polar moment of inertia, cm 4 (in 4) | |
| L | length, m (in or ft) | |
| l, m, n | direction cosines of the outward normal | |
| M | moment (also with subscripts) N m (lbf ft) | |
| M b | bending moment, N m (lbf ft) | |
| M t | torsional moment, m N (ft lbf) | |
| M x,, M y | bending moments per unit length of sections of a plate perpendicular to x and y axes, respectively, N m (lbf ft) | |
| M xy | twisting moment per unit length of sections of a plate perpendicular to x-axis, N m (lbf ft) | |
| M n, M nt | bending and twisting moments... |