TABLE OF CONTENTS | A | area of seal in contact with the sliding member, m 2 (in 2) | |
| A g | gasket area over which the bolt loads are distributed, m 2 (in 2) | |
| A 1, A 2 | area of cross section of unthreaded and threaded portions of bolt, m 2 (in 2) | |
| b | width of U-collar, m (in) gland width or depth of groove, m (in) | |
| c | radial clearance between rod and the bushing, radial deflection of the ring, m (in) | |
| d | nominal diameter of the bolt, m (in) diameter of sliding member, m (in) | |
| d 1 | outside diameter of packing material, m (mm) outside diameter of seal ring (Fig. 16-3), m (in) | |
| d 2 | minor diameter of bolt, m (in) | |
| d a | actual diameter of wire, m (in) | |
| d i | inside diameter of packing material, m (in) | |
| D m | estimated mean diameter of conical spring, m (in) | |
| D am | actual mean diameter of conical spring, m (in) | |
| E | modulus of elasticity, GPa (psi) | |
| F b | bolt load, kN (lbf) | |
| F ? | frictional force, kN (lbf) | |
| F ? o | frictional force of the stuffing box when there is no fluid pressure, kN (lbf) | |
| g | acceleration due to gravity, 9.8066 m/s 2 (9806.6 mm/s 2) (32.2 ft/s 2) | |
| h | radial ring wall thickness, m (in) | |
| h i | uncompressed gasket thickness, m (in) |
