TABLE OF CONTENTS Definition. A sine function of x is of the form
Graph. A graph of the sine function given in Eq. (16.48) is shown in Fig. 16.13, wherein E m is the maximum value or amplitude of the sine function, e 0 is the initial value of the sine function or its value corresponding to x = 0, and ?. is the initial angle of the sine function.
Periodicity. Sine functions are periodic and have a period of 2 ?. In other words, a sine function repeats itself every 2 ? radians, or
where n is any integer.
Cycle. The set of values which a sine function assumes in the course of a period constitute a cycle. The term cycle is often used in ac circuits and is denoted by the symbol ~.
Frequent reference is made in the text to the average and effective values of a sine function. These are now defined.
Average Value E a. In general, the average value of any function between two limits ? and ? is the value of the mean ordinate between these limits. The mathematical expression for this statement is
Applying Eq. (16.50) to a sine function, Eq. (16.48),
It is evident from an inspection of Eq. (16.51) and Fig. 16.14 that the average value of a sine wave...
