Oxides Inorganic Chemicals and Compounds
Last Updated: April 1, 2025
Description
Oxides are a class of inorganic compounds that consist of at least one oxygen atom bonded to another element. These compounds are known for their diverse properties and are integral to various chemical processes. Oxides can form ionic or covalent bonds depending on the nature of the metal or non-metal they are combined with. Transition metal and rare earth oxides are particularly notable for their functional and smart properties, making them essential in modern technology .
Working Principle
The functionality of oxides is largely determined by the type of chemical bonds they form. Oxygen atoms have a strong tendency to capture electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. In oxides, this results in either ionic or covalent bonding. Alkaline and alkaline-earth metals tend to donate electrons completely to oxygen, forming ionic bonds. In contrast, transition metals often share electrons with oxygen, resulting in covalent bonds. These shared electrons can be delocalized, meaning they are not confined to one atom, which contributes to the unique properties of oxides .
Applications
Oxides are used in a wide range of applications due to their stability and functional properties. For instance, inorganic pigments, which are often metallic oxides, are used in electroplating, dye production, and precision casting due to their heat and light stability. Additionally, oxides are employed in papermaking and as preservatives in the form of sulfur dioxide and sulfites .
Advantages over other Inorganic Chemicals and Compounds
Oxides offer several advantages over other inorganic compounds. Their ability to form stable bonds with metals and non-metals makes them versatile in various industrial applications. For example, the heat-stability and weather resistance of inorganic pigments make them superior choices for applications requiring durability under extreme conditions .
Limitations
One limitation of oxides is their potential reactivity under certain conditions, which can lead to degradation or unwanted chemical reactions. This reactivity must be carefully managed in applications where stability is critical .
Considerations
When considering the use of oxides, factors such as initial costs, operating expenses, and maintenance must be evaluated. The durability and stability of oxides can lead to lower long-term costs, but the initial investment may be higher compared to other compounds. Additionally, the specific properties of the oxide, such as its flash point and purity, should be considered to ensure it meets the requirements of the intended application .
from Chemical Strategies, Inc.
Chemical Strategies offers over 3,000 products by Chempax. If you are unable to locate a chemical you need, our sales department can custom source any needed materials for you directly. [See More]
from Indium Corporation
Product Characteristics. Color: Yellow. Molecular Weight: 277.64 (82.7% IN, 17.3% O). Specific Gravity: 7.2 g/cc (Apparent Density 0.5-1.2 g/cc). Nominal Tap Density: 1 gr/cc. Nominal d50 Particle Size: 2.5 microns. BET: 13 - 18 m2/gr. Safety Data: Available on request and shipped with product. [See More]
- Chemical Name: Indium Oxide
- State of Matter: Powders
- Chemical Formula: In2O3
- Purity: 99.99
from Matrix Scientific
Pentahydroxy-l5-iodane oxide. Molecular Formula: H5IO6. Molecular Weight: 227.94 [See More]
- Chemical Name: Pentahydroxy-l5-iodane oxide
- CAS Number: 10450-60-9
- Chemical Formula: H5IO6
from Wintersun Chemical
Aluminum Oxide (Alumina) [See More]
- Chemical Name: Aluminum Oxide (Alumina)
- State of Matter: Powders
- Chemical Formula: Al2O3
from Materion Corporation
Materion Advanced Chemicals manufactures specialty inorganic chemicals to meet the individual specifications and requested compositions of the photovoltaic solar market. With total quality control and a flexible manufacturing environment, materials produced meet custom applications and support... [See More]
- Type: Bio-Inorganic Compounds
- State of Matter: Powders; Evaporation Sources, Sputtering Targets
from GFS Chemicals, Inc.
ITEM#:3603. [(CH3)2CHO]3Al. CAS#:555-31-7. F.W.:204.25. NFPA#:2-1-2. Specific Gravity: 1.035. DOT:4.1/II. Descriptions: Specification. TEST. 1. Assay 99.99+%. Properties. No properties. [See More]
- Chemical Formula: [(CH3)2CHO]3Al
- State of Matter: Powders
- CAS Number: 555-31-7
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Cerium(IV) oxide, also known as ceric oxide, ceria, cerium oxide or cerium dioxide, is an oxide of the rare earthmetal cerium. It is a pale yellow-white powder with the chemical formula CeO2. Cerium(IV) oxide is used in ceramics, to sensitize photosensitive glass, as a catalyst and as a catalyst... [See More]
- Type: Other; RARE EARTHS
- Chemical Formula: CeO2
- Chemical Name: Cerium Oxide
from Jost Chemical USA
Black powder, odorless [See More]
- Chemical Name: Cupric Oxide Purified Low HM Powder
- CAS Number: 1317-38-0
- Chemical Formula: CuO
- State of Matter: Powders
from Chemical Strategies, Inc.
Chemical Strategies offers over 3,000 products by JT Baker. If you are unable to locate a chemical you need, our sales department can custom source any needed materials for you directly. [See More]
- State of Matter: Powders
from Indium Corporation
Product Characteristics. Color: Yellow. Formula Weight: 277.64 (82.7% In, 17.3% O). Specific Gravity: 7.2 g/cc (Apparent Density 0.5-1.2 g/cc). Nominal Tap Density: 1.4 gr/cc. Nominal d50 Particle Size: 17 microns. BET: 2-3 m2/gr. Safety Data: Available on request and shipped with product. [See More]
- Chemical Name: Indium Oxide
- State of Matter: Powders
- Chemical Formula: In2O3
- Purity: 99.99
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
PRODUCT DETAILGreen crystalline powder used extensively as pigment [See More]
- Type: Other; SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
- Chemical Formula: Cr2O3
- Chemical Name: Chromium Oxide Green
from Chemical Strategies, Inc.
Chemical Strategies offers all Krylon products. If you are unable to locate a paint or coating you need, our sales department can custom source any needed materials for you directly. [See More]
from Indium Corporation
Product Characteristics. Color: Greenish Yellow. Specific Gravity: 7.2 g/cc (Apparent Density 0.5-1.2g/cc). Nominal Tap Density: 0.8 gr/cc. Nominal d50 particle size: 2 microns. BET: 15 m2/gr [See More]
- Chemical Name: Indium Tin Oxide
- State of Matter: Powders
- Chemical Formula: In2O3:SnO2
- Purity: 99.99
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Cobalt Oxide [See More]
- Type: Other; SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
- Chemical Formula: CoO
- Chemical Name: Cobalt Oxide
from Chemical Strategies, Inc.
Chemical Strategies offers all Krylon products. If you are unable to locate a paint or coating you need, our sales department can custom source any needed materials for you directly. [See More]
from Indium Corporation
Product Characteristics. Color: Greenish Yellow. Specific Gravity: 7.2 g/cc (Apparent Density 0.5-1.2g/cc). Nominal Tap Density: 1.6 gr/cc. Nominal d50 Particle Size: 15 microns. BET: 2-3 m2/gr [See More]
- Chemical Name: Indium Tin Oxide
- State of Matter: Powders
- Chemical Formula: In2O3:SnO2
- Purity: 99.99
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Dypsoprosium Oxide is a chemical element with the symbol Dy and atomic number 66. It is a rare earth element with a metallic silver luster. Dysprosium is never found in nature as a free element, though it is found in various minerals, such as xenotime. [See More]
- Type: Other; RARE EARTHS
- Chemical Formula: Dy2O3
- Chemical Name: Dysprosium Oxide
from Chemical Strategies, Inc.
Chemical Strategies offers all Krylon products. If you are unable to locate a paint or coating you need, our sales department can custom source any needed materials for you directly. [See More]
from Indium Corporation
Gallium oxide is the common term for gallium sesquioxide, or (Ga2O3). It is a white powder that consists of rod shaped crystals, with the ß-phase being the dominant crystalline phase. The Ga2O3 rods agglomerate into larger, secondary particles. Gallium sesquioxide is used in phosphors, cathodes for... [See More]
- Chemical Name: Gallium Oxide
- State of Matter: Powders
- Chemical Formula: Ga2O3
- Purity: 99.99 to 100
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Erbium Oxide, a pink solid, is a compound of erbium sometimes used as a colouring for glasses[1] and a dopant for optical fibres and optical amplifiers. [See More]
- Type: Other; RARE EARTHS
- Chemical Formula: Er2O3
- Chemical Name: Erbium Oxide
from Chemical Strategies, Inc.
Chemical Strategies offers all Krylon products. If you are unable to locate a paint or coating you need, our sales department can custom source any needed materials for you directly. [See More]
from Indium Corporation
Germanium dioxide (GeO2) is a white powder that is manufactured in both crystalline and amorphous forms. Germanium dioxide's refractive index (1.7) and its optical dispersion properties make it a useful material for wide-angle lenses and optical microscope lenses. GeO2 is transparent to infrared... [See More]
- Chemical Name: Germanium Dioxide
- State of Matter: Powders
- Chemical Formula: GeO2
- Purity: 99.99 to 100
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Is a chemical compound of europium and oxygen. It is widely used as a red or blue phosphor in television sets and fluorescent lamps, and as an activator for yttrium-based phosphors. It is also an agent for the manufacture of fluorescent glass. Europium fluorescence is used in the anti-counterfeiting... [See More]
- Type: Other; RARE EARTHS
- Chemical Formula: Eu2O3
- Chemical Name: Europium Oxide
from Chemical Strategies, Inc.
Chemical Strategies offers all Krylon products. If you are unable to locate a paint or coating you need, our sales department can custom source any needed materials for you directly. [See More]
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Gadolinium(III) oxide (archaically gadolinia) is a inorganic compound. It is one of the most commonly available forms of the rare earth element gadolinium, derivatives of which are potential contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. [See More]
- Type: Other; RARE EARTHS
- Chemical Formula: Gd2O3
- Chemical Name: Gadolinium Oxide
from Chemical Strategies, Inc.
Chemical Strategies offers all Krylon products. If you are unable to locate a paint or coating you need, our sales department can custom source any needed materials for you directly. [See More]
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Is a chemical compound of a rare-earth element holmium and oxygen with the formula Ho2O3.Holmium oxide is used in making specialty colored glasses. Glass containing holmium oxide and holmium oxide solutions have a series of sharp optical absorption peaks in the visiblespectral range. They are... [See More]
- Type: Other; RARE EARTHS
- Chemical Formula: Ho2O3
- Chemical Name: Holmium Oxide
from Chemical Strategies, Inc.
Chemical Strategies offers all Krylon products. If you are unable to locate a paint or coating you need, our sales department can custom source any needed materials for you directly. [See More]
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Is La2O3, a chemical compound containing the rare earth element lanthanum and oxygen. It is used to develop ferroelectric materials, and in optical materials. Production is on laboratory scale, mostly. La2O3 is used to make optical glasses, to which this oxide confers increased density, refractive... [See More]
- Type: Other; RARE EARTHS
- Chemical Formula: Y205
- Chemical Name: Lanthanum Oxide
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Lutetium oxide, a white solid, is a cubic compound of lutetium sometimes used in the preparation of specialty glasses. It is also called lutecia. It is a lanthanide oxide, also known as a rare earth [See More]
- Type: Other; RARE EARTHS
- Chemical Formula: Lu2O3
- Chemical Name: Lutetium Oxide
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Magnesium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Mg(OH)2. As a suspension in water, it is often called milk of magnesia because of its milk-like appearance. The solid mineral form of magnesium hydroxide is known as brucite. Magnesium hydroxide is a common component of antacids... [See More]
- Type: Other; SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
- Chemical Formula: Mg(OH)2
- Chemical Name: Magnesium Hydroxide (Natural)
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Magnesium Sulphate Monohydrate [See More]
- Type: Other; SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
- Chemical Name: Magnesium Hydroxide (Synthetic)
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Magnesium Oxide (Natural) [See More]
- Type: Other; SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
- Chemical Formula: MgO
- Chemical Name: Magnesium Oxide (Natural)
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Magnesium oxide, or magnesia, is a white solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium. MgO is used as an insulator in industrial cables, as a basic refractory material for crucibles and as a principal fireproofing ingredient in construction materials [See More]
- Type: Other; SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
- Chemical Formula: MgO
- Chemical Name: Magnesium Oxide (Synthetic)
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
A dark brownish black powder; it is used mainly in the battery production; and it is used as a colorant in the ceramic industry and for bricks. It is used in the chemical processes for the production of hydroquinone, benzoquinone, and other quinine products [See More]
- Type: Other; SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
- Chemical Formula: MnO2
- Chemical Name: MANGANESE DIOXIDE
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Greenish-brown powder, is used in agriculture as a micro- nutrient for proper functioning of chlorophyll in plants. It is also added to livestock feed for vigorous growth especially for swine and poultry. Other major uses are as Feedstock for EMD production and as Brick Colorant. [See More]
- Type: Other; SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
- Chemical Formula: MnO + MnxOy
- Chemical Name: MANGANOUS OXIDE
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Neodymium(III) oxide or neodymium sesquioxide is the chemical compound composed of neodymium and oxygen with the formula Nd2O3. It forms hygroscopic blue hexagonal crystals. The rare earth mixture didymium, previously believed to be an element, partially consists of neodymium(III) oxide. [See More]
- Type: Other; RARE EARTHS
- Chemical Formula: Nd2O3
- Chemical Name: Neodymium Oxide
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Black nickel oxide (BNO) is produced from a unique process that starts with high quality carbonyl nickel powder and results in an exceptionally pure product. [See More]
- Type: Other; SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
- Chemical Formula: Ni2O3
- Chemical Name: NICKEL OXIDE (BLACK)
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Is the inorganic compound with the formula Nb2O5. It is a colourless insoluble solid that is fairly unreactive. It is the main precursor to all materials made of niobium, the dominant application being alloys, but other specialized applications include capacitors, lithium niobate, and optical... [See More]
- Type: Other; SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
- Chemical Formula: Nb2O5
- Chemical Name: NIOBIUM PENTOXIDE
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Praseodymium Oxide (Pr6O11), and the specification is below:Purity: TREO >99%, Pr6O11/TREO >99.9% Pr6O11 can be used in Pigment, Ceramic glaze, Glass, Magnetics and Alloys. [See More]
- Type: Other; RARE EARTHS
- Chemical Formula: Pr6O11
- Chemical Name: Praseodymium Oxide
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
PRODUCTCHEMISTRYTDSMSDS » Samarium OxideSm â ‚ ‚O â ‚ ƒ Contact us Contact us [See More]
- Type: Other; RARE EARTHS
- Chemical Formula: Sm2O3
- Chemical Name: Samarium Oxide
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Scandium oxide, Sc2O3, scandia is a high melting white solid used in high-temperature systems (for its resistance to heat and thermal shock), electronic ceramics, and glass composition (as a helper material). [See More]
- Type: Other; RARE EARTHS
- Chemical Formula: Sc2O3
- Chemical Name: Scandium Oxide
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Terbium oxide, occasionally called tetraterbium heptaoxide, has the formula Tb4O7,Terbium Oxide, also called Terbia, has important role as an activator for green phosphors used in colour TV tubes. Meanwhile Terbium Oxide is also used in special lasers and as a dopant in solid-state devices. [See More]
- Type: Other; RARE EARTHS
- Chemical Formula: Tb4O7
- Chemical Name: Terbium Oxide
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
A white, slightly hygroscopic powder that absorbs water and carbon dioxide from the air, and is slowly soluble in strong acids; used to make thulium metal. Also known as thulia. [See More]
- Type: Other; RARE EARTHS
- Chemical Formula: Tm2O3
- Chemical Name: Thulium Oxide
from Chivine Resources, Inc.
Titanium Dioxide [See More]
- Type: Other; SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
- Chemical Formula: TiO2
- Chemical Name: Titanium Dioxide