Injection pumps are designed to inject measured amounts of fluid into a reservoir or production system. They are often used in vehicles for pumping fuel into the cylinders of the engine.  Injection pumps are positive displacement pumps that use expanding and contracting cavities to move fluids.

Types of Injection Pumps

Injection pumps used in diesel engines are driven indirectly by gears or chains from the crankshaft and operate at very high pressures. A diesel fuel injection pump is coordinated by the timing belt of the engine to introduce fuel into the engine just before the cylinder’s compression stroke reaches the top. Another type of fuel injection pump is a rotary pump or distributor pump, used primarily in small trucks and cars. This type of fuel injection pump delivers fuel to the carburetor or fuel injection system. An electronic fuel injection pump system has built-in safety logic that will shut down the pump in the event of an accident or if it registers no oil pressure in the engine.

Applications

Other types of injection pumps include pumps for other industries, such as:

• irrigation
• horticulture
• water treatment technologies

Water driven injection pumps are installed directly into a water supply line so that the injector functions by using water pressure as its source of power. A water driven injection pump introduces chemicals or fertilizer into the water supply of an irrigation system. Chemical injection pumps work in a similar way and are also used in irrigation, or chemigation, which is the process of delivering specific chemicals to soils or crops. A chemical injection pump draws a measured amount of chemicals from a containment tank and injects it into the irrigation system.

Related Information

CR4 Community—Electronic Control of Mechanical Fuel Injection

CR4 Community—Fly Away Flywheels

IEEE Spectrum—Squirts of Water Can Boost Engine Performance, Fuel Economy by 13%

Image credit:

Omega Engineering, Inc.