Control Valves

Chapter 10.17 - Control Valve Features: Live Loading

Live Loading

Live-loaded Packing

Grafoil packing is less susceptible to differential thermal expansion. However, graphite/filament packing systems on sliding stem valves require higher axial packing loads, and therefore higher stem friction to effect a seal. To maintain a seal, the packing must be kept under load. When the packing load is insufficient, it hinders the ability of the packing to seal properly. When the packing load is excessive, very high stem friction is generated. High stem friction can subsequently reduce the packing useful life and cause valve sticking problems. In addition, excessive loading with springs increases the friction in the packing box which increases the hysteresis of the valve and decreases control performance.

To address these issues, manufacturers have produced interesting packing designs. They ensure proper packing loads and reduce the amount of maintenance required for the graphite packing systems. Figure 10-32 shows one of these designs.

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Live-loaded Shaft Seals

Live-loaded shaft seals are used for rotary valves to provide maximum safety for applications involving liquids or gases that present hazards to operating personnel (i.e. toxic, acidic, radioactive, explosive or flammable materials).

Live loaded shaft materials are designed to positively contain potential fugitive emissions. Continuous spring-generated pressure on the shaft seals maintains a tight closure to prevent leakage to the atmosphere. The leakage prevention offered by live-loaded shaft seals is far superior to the sealing offered by standard valve packing where significant cycle life is required.

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