15.1 Manufacturing influences

Geometrical deviations are influenced by the following, which are sometimes referred to as the "5 Ms".

The following figures show some results of investigations in the field of metal removal processes. These results are only examples, and are not general.

Figure 15.1 shows the mean values x and the variations of measured roundness deviations of workpieces out of steel, 20 mm, manufactured with certain machine tools.

Figure 15.1: Ability of machine tool, mean values and variations of roundness deviations of workpieces made out of steel 20 mm

Figure 15.2 shows the ability of manufacturing devices to respect tolerances of roundness, cylindricity and coaxiality by turning and grinding.

Figure 15.2: Ability of manufacturing devices in a particular workshop

The machine tools are to be classified according to their abilities. The abilities related to the workpiece material and shape and process data (e.g. cutting speed, thickness of cut and chucking method) are to be recorded for manufacturing planning.

Figure 15.3 shows, as an example, the typical dependence of roundness deviation on cutting speed.

Figure 15.3: Roundness deviation as...